diff --git a/Cargo.lock b/Cargo.lock
index 3ae5a63..8c67032 100644
--- a/Cargo.lock
+++ b/Cargo.lock
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "const-random",
  "once_cell",
  "version_check",
- "zerocopy",
+ "zerocopy 0.7.35",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -259,9 +259,9 @@ checksum = "d9c4f5dac5e15c24eb999c26181a6ca40b39fe946cbe4c263c7209467bc83af2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "geo"
-version = "0.31.0"
+version = "0.32.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2fc1a1678e54befc9b4bcab6cd43b8e7f834ae8ea121118b0fd8c42747675b4a"
+checksum = "3f3901269ec6d4f6068d3f09e5f02f995bd076398dcd1dfec407cd230b02d11b"
 dependencies = [
  "earcutr",
  "float_next_after",
@@ -270,16 +270,18 @@ dependencies = [
  "i_overlay",
  "log",
  "num-traits",
+ "rand",
  "robust",
  "rstar",
+ "sif-itree",
  "spade",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "geo-types"
-version = "0.7.17"
+version = "0.7.18"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "75a4dcd69d35b2c87a7c83bce9af69fd65c9d68d3833a0ded568983928f3fc99"
+checksum = "24f8647af4005fa11da47cd56252c6ef030be8fa97bdbf355e7dfb6348f0a82c"
 dependencies = [
  "approx",
  "num-traits",
@@ -528,6 +530,15 @@ dependencies = [
  "plotters-backend",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "ppv-lite86"
+version = "0.2.21"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "85eae3c4ed2f50dcfe72643da4befc30deadb458a9b590d720cde2f2b1e97da9"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy 0.8.31",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "proc-macro2"
 version = "1.0.95"
@@ -557,6 +568,36 @@ dependencies = [
  "proc-macro2",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "rand"
+version = "0.8.5"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "34af8d1a0e25924bc5b7c43c079c942339d8f0a8b57c39049bef581b46327404"
+dependencies = [
+ "libc",
+ "rand_chacha",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_chacha"
+version = "0.3.1"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "e6c10a63a0fa32252be49d21e7709d4d4baf8d231c2dbce1eaa8141b9b127d88"
+dependencies = [
+ "ppv-lite86",
+ "rand_core",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "rand_core"
+version = "0.6.4"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "ec0be4795e2f6a28069bec0b5ff3e2ac9bafc99e6a9a7dc3547996c5c816922c"
+dependencies = [
+ "getrandom",
+]
+
 [[package]]
 name = "rayon"
 version = "1.10.0"
@@ -676,6 +717,12 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
 
+[[package]]
+name = "sif-itree"
+version = "0.4.0"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "142099cd6db3c4fab61e5133c62ff80b26674391e195860791fda0b1be3e5080"
+
 [[package]]
 name = "smallvec"
 version = "1.15.0"
@@ -914,7 +961,16 @@ version = "0.7.35"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1b9b4fd18abc82b8136838da5d50bae7bdea537c574d8dc1a34ed098d6c166f0"
 dependencies = [
- "zerocopy-derive",
+ "zerocopy-derive 0.7.35",
+]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy"
+version = "0.8.31"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "fd74ec98b9250adb3ca554bdde269adf631549f51d8a8f8f0a10b50f1cb298c3"
+dependencies = [
+ "zerocopy-derive 0.8.31",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
@@ -927,3 +983,14 @@ dependencies = [
  "quote",
  "syn",
 ]
+
+[[package]]
+name = "zerocopy-derive"
+version = "0.8.31"
+source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
+checksum = "d8a8d209fdf45cf5138cbb5a506f6b52522a25afccc534d1475dad8e31105c6a"
+dependencies = [
+ "proc-macro2",
+ "quote",
+ "syn",
+]
diff --git a/Cargo.toml b/Cargo.toml
index cd6e39b..8df05ef 100644
--- a/Cargo.toml
+++ b/Cargo.toml
@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ keywords = ["quadbin", "quadkey", "spatial", "spatial-index"]
 categories = ["science::geo"]
 
 [dependencies]
-geo = "0.31.0"
+geo = "0.32.0"
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 approx = "0.5.1"