diff --git a/lib/mox.ex b/lib/mox.ex
index 3a6f4d9..8a8ae4c 100644
--- a/lib/mox.ex
+++ b/lib/mox.ex
@@ -183,6 +183,13 @@ defmodule Mox do
   `$callers` is used to determine the process that actually defined the
   expectations.
 
+  > #### Parent PIDs {: .tip}
+  > [Since OTP 25](https://erlang.org/documentation/doc-15.0-rc2/erts-14.3/doc/html/notes.html#erts-13-0),
+  > `Process.info/2` supports a `:parent` key for retrieving the parent of the given PID.
+  > Mox started using this in v1.3.0 to determine process tree structures in case `$callers`
+  > is not available in the process dictionary. This means that even more allowance cases
+  > are taken care of automatically.
+
   #### Explicit allowances as lazy/deferred functions
 
   Under some circumstances, the process might not have been already started
@@ -941,7 +948,27 @@ defmodule Mox do
 
   # Find the pid of the actual caller
   defp caller_pids do
-    Process.get(:"$callers", [])
+    case Process.get(:"$callers") do
+      nil -> [self() | recursive_parents(self())]
+      pids when is_list(pids) -> pids
+    end
+  end
+
+  # A PID with no parent has :undefined as its parent.
+  defp recursive_parents(:undefined) do
+    []
+  end
+
+  defp recursive_parents(pid) when is_pid(pid) do
+    Process.info(pid, :parent)
+  rescue
+    # erlang:process_info(Pid, parent) is not available, as it was released in
+    # ERTS 13.0 (https://erlang.org/documentation/doc-15.0-rc2/erts-14.3/doc/html/notes.html#erts-13-0)
+    ArgumentError ->
+      []
+  else
+    {:parent, parent_pid} ->
+      [parent_pid | recursive_parents(parent_pid)]
   end
 
   ## Ownership
diff --git a/test/mox_test.exs b/test/mox_test.exs
index aa88a84..67006be 100644
--- a/test/mox_test.exs
+++ b/test/mox_test.exs
@@ -846,8 +846,6 @@ defmodule MoxTest do
 
       {:ok, child_pid} =
         start_link_no_callers(fn ->
-          assert_raise Mox.UnexpectedCallError, fn -> CalcMock.add(1, 1) end
-
           receive do
             :call_mock ->
               add_result = CalcMock.add(1, 1)
@@ -876,8 +874,6 @@ defmodule MoxTest do
       |> stub(:mult, fn _, _ -> :stubbed end)
 
       async_no_callers(fn ->
-        assert_raise Mox.UnexpectedCallError, fn -> CalcMock.add(1, 1) end
-
         CalcMock
         |> allow(parent_pid, self())
 
@@ -892,8 +888,6 @@ defmodule MoxTest do
 
       {:ok, child_pid} =
         start_link_no_callers(fn ->
-          assert_raise(Mox.UnexpectedCallError, fn -> CalcMock.add(1, 1) end)
-
           receive do
             :call_mock ->
               add_result = CalcMock.add(1, 1)