diff --git a/Kapitel 4/4.2.4.1/controls-textarea/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 4/4.2.4.1/controls-textarea/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index 345b3fa..32e281e 100644
--- a/Kapitel 4/4.2.4.1/controls-textarea/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 4/4.2.4.1/controls-textarea/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
 
     @Override
     public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
-        final TextArea textArea = new TextArea();
+        TextArea textArea = new TextArea();
         textArea.setPrefRowCount(10);
         textArea.setPrefColumnCount(20);
         textArea.setWrapText(true);
diff --git a/Kapitel 4/4.2.6/controls-contextmenu/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 4/4.2.6/controls-contextmenu/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index d55f38a..d282748 100644
--- a/Kapitel 4/4.2.6/controls-contextmenu/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 4/4.2.6/controls-contextmenu/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
         root.setTop(menuBar);
         ImageView imageView = new ImageView(new Image(getClass().getResource("javaduke_html5.png").toExternalForm()));
         root.setCenter(imageView);
-        final ContextMenu contextMenu = new ContextMenu();
+        ContextMenu contextMenu = new ContextMenu();
         MenuItem halloMenuItem = new MenuItem("Sag 'Hallo'");
         halloMenuItem.setOnAction(
                 e -> System.out.println("Duke: 'Hallo!'"));
diff --git a/Kapitel 4/4.3.4/controls-splitpane-resize/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 4/4.3.4/controls-splitpane-resize/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index 4b4bf39..5559710 100644
--- a/Kapitel 4/4.3.4/controls-splitpane-resize/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 4/4.3.4/controls-splitpane-resize/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -16,11 +16,11 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     @Override
     public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
         SplitPane splitPane = new SplitPane();
-        final StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(new Label("Hilfsfenster1"));
+        StackPane stackPane = new StackPane(new Label("Hilfsfenster1"));
         SplitPane.setResizableWithParent(stackPane, false);
         splitPane.getItems().add(stackPane);
         splitPane.getItems().add(new StackPane(new Label("Dokumentenfenster")));
-        final StackPane stackPane1 = new StackPane(new Label("Hilfsfenster2"));
+        StackPane stackPane1 = new StackPane(new Label("Hilfsfenster2"));
         SplitPane.setResizableWithParent(stackPane1, false);
         splitPane.getItems().add(stackPane1);
         StackPane pane = new StackPane(splitPane);
diff --git a/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index 3361883..8135e63 100644
--- a/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
         Button button = new Button("\uf015");
         button.setFont(Font.font("FontAwesome", 40));
         BorderPane root = new BorderPane();
-        final HomeTimeline homeTimeline = new HomeTimeline();
+        HomeTimeline homeTimeline = new HomeTimeline();
         homeTimeline.refresh();
         root.setCenter(homeTimeline);
         ToolBar toolBar = new ToolBar();
diff --git a/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java b/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java
index c836e4b..1229310 100644
--- a/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 5/5.10/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java	
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public class StatusView extends HBox {
     private final VBox textBox;
     private final Label screenName;
     private final Label statusText;
-    private VBox toolbar;
+    private final VBox toolbar;
 
     public StatusView() {
         setPadding(new Insets(4));
diff --git a/Kapitel 5/5.9/layout-custom/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 5/5.9/layout-custom/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index 52a5f0e..aa68ca4 100644
--- a/Kapitel 5/5.9/layout-custom/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 5/5.9/layout-custom/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -30,8 +30,8 @@ public void start(Stage primaryStage) throws URISyntaxException {
         String[] values = {"2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9", "10", "ace", "jack", "king", "queen"};
         String[] colors = {"clubs", "diamonds", "hearts", "spades"};
         EventHandler<MouseEvent> clickHandler;
-        final CardStackLayout cardStackLayout = new CardStackLayout();
-        final CardStackLayout cardStackLayout2 = new CardStackLayout();
+        CardStackLayout cardStackLayout = new CardStackLayout();
+        CardStackLayout cardStackLayout2 = new CardStackLayout();
         clickHandler = new EventHandler<MouseEvent>() {
 
             @Override
diff --git a/Kapitel 9/9.2.2/task-simple/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 9/9.2.2/task-simple/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index 27a32f4..d52775a 100644
--- a/Kapitel 9/9.2.2/task-simple/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 9/9.2.2/task-simple/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
     public void start(Stage primaryStage) {
         Button btn = new Button();
         btn.setText("Run");
-        final Task<Integer> task = new Task<Integer>() {
+        Task<Integer> task = new Task<Integer>() {
             @Override
             protected Integer call() throws Exception {
                 int iterationen;
diff --git a/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java b/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java
index ac1a91a..1248295 100644
--- a/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/MainApp.java	
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public void start(Stage stage) throws Exception {
         button.getStyleClass().add("view-button");
         button.setFont(Font.font("FontAwesome", 40));
         BorderPane root = new BorderPane();
-        final HomeTimeline homeTimeline = new HomeTimeline();
+        HomeTimeline homeTimeline = new HomeTimeline();
 //        homeTimeline.refresh();
         root.setCenter(homeTimeline);
         ToolBar toolBar = new ToolBar();
diff --git a/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java b/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java
index c836e4b..1229310 100644
--- a/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java	
+++ b/Kapitel 9/9.4/tweetalot/src/main/java/de/javafxbuch/StatusView.java	
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ public class StatusView extends HBox {
     private final VBox textBox;
     private final Label screenName;
     private final Label statusText;
-    private VBox toolbar;
+    private final VBox toolbar;
 
     public StatusView() {
         setPadding(new Insets(4));