diff --git a/changelogs/DP-44594.yml b/changelogs/DP-44594.yml
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0c81a17999
--- /dev/null
+++ b/changelogs/DP-44594.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+Fixed:
+  - description: SPIKE assess work to reskin Google Translate widget in accessible way.
+    issue: DP-44594
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index ff645c5592..e8f4744eec 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -278,7 +278,7 @@
         "geocoder-php/open-cage-provider": "^4.6",
         "google/cloud-bigquery": "^1.25",
         "league/commonmark": "^2.7",
-        "massgov/mayflower-artifacts": "dev-develop",
+        "massgov/mayflower-artifacts": "dev-feature/DP-44594-SPIKE-assess-work-to-reskin-Google-Translate-widget-in-accessible-way",
         "monolog/monolog": "^3",
         "npm-asset/ace-builds": "~1.0",
         "npm-asset/select2": "^4.1.0-rc.0",
diff --git a/composer.lock b/composer.lock
index d115e8e143..92e46b1bb0 100644
--- a/composer.lock
+++ b/composer.lock
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "7b9eaac987df7c8956b05827d445e02c",
+    "content-hash": "e7887f1f0f2b4701c636b4d4e4b5ca73",
     "packages": [
         {
             "name": "akamai-open/edgegrid-auth",
@@ -13614,16 +13614,16 @@
         },
         {
             "name": "massgov/mayflower-artifacts",
-            "version": "dev-develop",
+            "version": "dev-feature/DP-44594-SPIKE-assess-work-to-reskin-Google-Translate-widget-in-accessible-way",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/massgov/mayflower-artifacts",
-                "reference": "22291658613238853716a31ccd0560b388ee02cf"
+                "reference": "c631d55c89d0815c28f2fd8c517f9cd6d40a67ab"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/massgov/mayflower-artifacts/zipball/22291658613238853716a31ccd0560b388ee02cf",
-                "reference": "22291658613238853716a31ccd0560b388ee02cf",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/massgov/mayflower-artifacts/zipball/c631d55c89d0815c28f2fd8c517f9cd6d40a67ab",
+                "reference": "c631d55c89d0815c28f2fd8c517f9cd6d40a67ab",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -13641,7 +13641,7 @@
                 }
             ],
             "description": "This repository is the product of the built artifact from massgov/mayflower",
-            "time": "2026-01-26T06:33:52+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-01-29T03:42:35+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "masterminds/html5",
@@ -26622,5 +26622,5 @@
     "platform-overrides": {
         "php": "8.3"
     },
-    "plugin-api-version": "2.6.0"
+    "plugin-api-version": "2.9.0"
 }
diff --git a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.libraries.yml b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.libraries.yml
index 48af911ed9..a7d928d439 100644
--- a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.libraries.yml
+++ b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.libraries.yml
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ global-styling:
       overrides/css/sections.css: {}
       overrides/css/news-page.css: {}
       overrides/css/language-bar.css: {}
+      overrides/css/google-translate.css: {}
       overrides/css/view-location-listing.css: {}
       overrides/css/rich-text.css: {}
       overrides/css/info-details.css: {}
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ global-styling-lp:
       overrides/css/sections.css: {}
       overrides/css/news-page.css: {}
       overrides/css/language-bar.css: {}
+      overrides/css/google-translate.css: {}
       overrides/css/view-location-listing.css: {}
       overrides/css/rich-text.css: {}
       overrides/css/info-details.css: {}
diff --git a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.theme b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.theme
index 53f6de7154..ee69980009 100644
--- a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.theme
+++ b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/mass_theme.theme
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 use Drupal\block\Entity\Block;
 use Drupal\Component\Utility\Html;
 use Drupal\Component\Utility\UrlHelper;
+use Drupal\Component\Utility\Xss as XssAlias;
 use Drupal\Core\Cache\Cache;
 use Drupal\Core\Cache\CacheableMetadata;
 use Drupal\Core\Entity\ContentEntityInterface;
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ use Drupal\Core\Link;
 use Drupal\Core\Menu\MenuTreeParameters;
 use Drupal\Core\Site\Settings;
 use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\ByteSizeMarkup;
+use Drupal\Core\StringTranslation\TranslatableMarkup;
 use Drupal\Core\Url;
 use Drupal\file\Entity\File;
 use Drupal\image\Entity\ImageStyle;
@@ -4549,6 +4551,12 @@ function mass_theme_preprocess_html(&$variables) {
     $variables['languages'] = implode(',', array_filter(theme_get_setting('languages', 'mass_theme')));
   }
 
+  if ($select_language_translations = theme_get_setting('select_language_translations', 'mass_theme')) {
+    $variables['select_language_translations'] = array_map(function($language_pair) {
+      return explode('|', $language_pair);
+    }, explode(PHP_EOL, $select_language_translations));
+  }
+
   // Add glossary functionality if the page references glossaries.
   $params = \Drupal::routeMatch()->getParameters();
   if ($params->has('node')) {
@@ -6731,6 +6739,25 @@ function mass_theme_form_system_theme_settings_alter(&$form, $form_state) {
     '#title' => t('Choose google translate languages?'),
     '#default_value' => theme_get_setting('languages', 'mass_theme'),
   ];
+
+  $codes = array_map(function($language, $code) {
+    return "<li>$language: <pre><code>$code</code></pre></li>";
+  }, $languages, array_keys($languages));
+  $codes_html = '<ul>' . implode('', $codes) . '</ul>';
+
+  $form['mass_theme_settings']['select_language_translations'] = [
+    '#type' => 'textarea',
+    '#title' => t('"Select language" in native languages'),
+    '#default_value' => theme_get_setting('select_language_translations', 'mass_theme'),
+    '#description' => t('Insert pairs in format "code|translation_in_native_language". List of language codes:'),
+  ];
+  $form['mass_theme_settings']['info'] = [
+    '#type' => 'details',
+    '#title' => t('Codes'),
+    '#open' => FALSE,
+  ];
+
+  $form['mass_theme_settings']['info']['#markup'] = XssAlias::filter($codes_html, ['ul', 'li', 'pre', 'code']);
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/overrides/css/google-translate.css b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/overrides/css/google-translate.css
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..0a7acceea1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/overrides/css/google-translate.css
@@ -0,0 +1,331 @@
+/* Accessible Google Translate Widget Styles - Compact for Utility Nav */
+
+/* Fix Google Translate spacing issue with notranslate elements */
+.notranslate {
+    padding-left: 0;
+    padding-right: 0;
+}
+
+html.translated-ltr .notranslate,
+html.translated-rtl .notranslate {
+    padding-left: 0.25em;
+    padding-right: 0.25em;
+}
+
+/* Hide default Google Translate widget */
+.ads-goog-te-wrapper {
+    position: absolute;
+    left: -9999px;
+    width: 1px;
+    height: 1px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+/* Hide Google Translate top banner */
+.goog-te-banner-frame.skiptranslate {
+    display: none !important;
+}
+
+.skiptranslate iframe {
+    display: none !important;
+}
+
+body > .skiptranslate {
+    display: none !important;
+}
+
+.goog-te-menu-frame {
+    display: none !important;
+}
+
+body {
+    top: 0 !important;
+}
+
+/* Compact styling for utility nav integration */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-container {
+    display: inline-block;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+/* Hide fieldset border and make it inline */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-fieldset {
+    border: none;
+    padding: 0;
+    margin: 0;
+    display: inline-block;
+}
+
+/* Hide the legend visually but keep for screen readers */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-legend {
+    position: absolute;
+    left: -9999px;
+    width: 1px;
+    height: 1px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+/* Make the label visible and inline */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-label {
+    display: inline-block !important;
+    color: #fff !important;
+    font-size: 14px !important;
+    font-weight: 400 !important;
+    margin: 0 8px 0 0 !important;
+    vertical-align: middle !important;
+    position: static !important;
+    width: auto !important;
+    height: auto !important;
+    overflow: visible !important;
+    left: auto !important;
+}
+
+/* Make select wrapper inline */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select-wrapper {
+    display: inline-block;
+    position: relative;
+    margin: 0;
+}
+
+/* Style the select to fit in utility nav */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select {
+    padding: 4px 8px;
+    font-size: 14px;
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
+    border-radius: 2px;
+    background-color: transparent;
+    color: #fff;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    appearance: none;
+    -webkit-appearance: none;
+    -moz-appearance: none;
+    min-width: 120px;
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select:hover {
+    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
+    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select:focus {
+    outline: 2px solid #fff;
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+/* Hide the dropdown icon from example */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-icon {
+    display: none;
+}
+
+/* Hide help text visually but keep for screen readers */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-help,
+.ads-sr-only {
+    position: absolute;
+    left: -9999px;
+    width: 1px;
+    height: 1px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+/* Style Apply and English (Reset) buttons to fit inline in utility nav */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button {
+    display: inline-block;
+    padding: 4px 12px;
+    font-size: 14px;
+    font-weight: 500;
+    color: #fff;
+    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.2);
+    border: 1px solid rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
+    border-radius: 2px;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    margin-left: 8px;
+    margin-right: 0;
+    vertical-align: middle;
+    transition: background-color 0.2s ease, border-color 0.2s ease;
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:hover {
+    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);
+    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.5);
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:focus {
+    outline: 2px solid #fff;
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:disabled {
+    opacity: 0.5;
+    cursor: not-allowed;
+}
+
+/* English (Reset) button - slightly different styling */
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-reset-button {
+    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.1);
+    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
+}
+
+.ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-reset-button:hover {
+    background-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.25);
+    border-color: rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.4);
+}
+
+/* Screen reader status messages */
+.ads-status-message {
+    position: absolute;
+    left: -9999px;
+    width: 1px;
+    height: 1px;
+    overflow: hidden;
+}
+
+
+
+/* Responsive styles for mobile/tablet */
+@media (max-width: 768px) {
+
+  /* Hamburger menu specific styles */
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-container {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-fieldset {
+    display: flex;
+    flex-direction: column;
+    align-items: flex-start;
+    width: 100%;
+    padding: 16px 20px;
+    border: none;
+    background-color: transparent;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-label {
+    display: block !important;
+    color: #141414 !important;
+    font-size: 16px !important;
+    font-weight: 500 !important;
+    margin: 0 0 12px 0 !important;
+    position: static !important;
+    width: 100% !important;
+    height: auto !important;
+    overflow: visible !important;
+    left: auto !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select-wrapper {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    margin-bottom: 12px;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select {
+    width: 100%;
+    padding: 8px 12px;
+    font-size: 16px;
+    border: 2px solid #707070;
+    border-radius: 0;
+    background-color: #fff;
+    color: #141414;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    appearance: none;
+    -webkit-appearance: none;
+    -moz-appearance: none;
+    min-width: auto;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select:hover {
+    background-color: #f2f2f2;
+    border-color: #535353;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select:focus {
+    outline: 2px solid #3e94cf;
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+    border-color: #707070;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button {
+    display: block;
+    width: 100%;
+    padding: 10px 16px;
+    font-size: 16px;
+    font-weight: 500;
+    color: #fff;
+    background-color: #14558f;
+    border: none;
+    border-radius: 0;
+    cursor: pointer;
+    margin: 0 0 12px 0;
+    text-align: center;
+    transition: background-color 0.2s ease;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:hover {
+    background-color: #104472;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:focus {
+    outline: 2px solid #3e94cf;
+    outline-offset: 2px;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button:disabled {
+    opacity: 0.5;
+    cursor: not-allowed;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-reset-button {
+    background-color: #fff;
+    color: #141414;
+    border: 2px solid #707070;
+    margin-bottom: 0;
+  }
+
+  .ma__header__hamburger__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-reset-button:hover {
+    background-color: #f2f2f2;
+    border-color: #535353;
+  }
+
+  /* Stack elements vertically on mobile */
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-fieldset {
+      display: flex !important;
+      flex-direction: column !important;
+      align-items: flex-start !important;
+      width: 100% !important;
+      padding: 12px !important;
+      border: none !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-label {
+      display: block !important;
+      margin-bottom: 8px !important;
+      margin-right: 0 !important;
+      font-size: 14px !important;
+      width: 100% !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select-wrapper {
+      display: block !important;
+      width: 100% !important;
+      margin-bottom: 8px !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-select {
+      width: 100% !important;
+      min-width: auto !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-button {
+      display: block !important;
+      width: 100% !important;
+      margin-left: 0 !important;
+      margin-right: 0 !important;
+      margin-bottom: 8px !important;
+      text-align: center !important;
+  }
+
+  .ma__utility-nav .ma__utility-nav__items .ma__utility-nav__item .ma__utility-nav__translate .ads-translate-reset-button {
+      margin-bottom: 0 !important;
+  }
+}
diff --git a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/templates/layout/html.html.twig b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/templates/layout/html.html.twig
index 757ca996db..35212c83fa 100644
--- a/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/templates/layout/html.html.twig
+++ b/docroot/themes/custom/mass_theme/templates/layout/html.html.twig
@@ -135,19 +135,408 @@
       <template id="glossary-popup-template">{% include '@molecules/popover.twig' with popoverContext %}</template>
     {% endif %}
 
-    {# Google Translate JS #}
+    {# Google Translate Script #}
+    <script type="text/javascript">
+        // CRITICAL: Capture original HTML lang BEFORE Google Translate can change it
+        window.originalPageLang = document.documentElement.getAttribute('lang') || 'en';
+
+        // Prevent Google Translate from changing lang to "auto"
+        const originalSetAttribute = Element.prototype.setAttribute;
+        Element.prototype.setAttribute = function(name, value) {
+            if (this === document.documentElement && name === 'lang' && value === 'auto') {
+                // Block Google Translate from setting lang="auto"
+                return;
+            }
+            return originalSetAttribute.call(this, name, value);
+        };
+
+        function googleTranslateElementInit() {
+            new google.translate.TranslateElement({
+                pageLanguage: window.originalPageLang,
+                includedLanguages: '{{ languages }}',
+                layout: google.translate.TranslateElement.InlineLayout.SIMPLE,
+                autoDisplay: false,
+                multilanguagePage: true
+            }, 'google_translate_element');
+        }
+    </script>
+    <script type="text/javascript" src="//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit"></script>
+
+    {# Accessible Interface Script #}
     <script>
-      function googleTranslateElementInit() {
-        new google.translate.TranslateElement({pageLanguage: 'en', includedLanguages: '{{ languages }}', layout: google.translate.TranslateElement.InlineLayout.SIMPLE}, 'google_translate_element');
-        document.querySelector('#google_translate_element') !== null ? document.querySelector('#google_translate_element').classList.add('has-rendered') : '';
-      }
-      (function() {
-        var script = document.createElement('script');
-        script.src = "//translate.google.com/translate_a/element.js?cb=googleTranslateElementInit";
-        script.async = true;
-        element = document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0];
-        element.appendChild(script);
-      })();
+        (function() {
+            const languageSelect = document.getElementById('ads-translate-select');
+            const applyButton = document.getElementById('ads-translate-apply');
+            const resetButton = document.getElementById('ads-translate-reset');
+            const statusMessage = document.getElementById('ads-translate-status');
+            const selectLanguageLabel = document.getElementById('ads-translate-label');
+
+            // Translations for "Select language" in different languages
+            // Convert array of [code, translation] pairs to object
+            const selectLanguageTranslationsArray = {{ select_language_translations|default([])|json_encode|raw }};
+            const selectLanguageTranslations = {};
+
+            // Default English translation
+            selectLanguageTranslations['en'] = 'Select language';
+
+            // Build translations object from theme settings
+            selectLanguageTranslationsArray.forEach(function(pair) {
+                if (pair && pair.length >= 2) {
+                    const code = pair[0].trim();
+                    const translation = pair[1].trim();
+                    if (code && translation) {
+                        selectLanguageTranslations[code] = translation;
+                    }
+                }
+            });
+
+            // Detect browser language and update label
+            function updateSelectLanguageLabel() {
+                const browserLang = navigator.language || navigator.userLanguage;
+                const langCode = browserLang.split('-')[0]; // Get just the language code (e.g., 'en' from 'en-US')
+
+                // Update label text if we have a translation for this language
+                if (selectLanguageLabel && selectLanguageTranslations[langCode]) {
+                    selectLanguageLabel.textContent = selectLanguageTranslations[langCode];
+                } else if (selectLanguageLabel && selectLanguageTranslations[browserLang]) {
+                    // Try full locale code (e.g., 'zh-CN')
+                    selectLanguageLabel.textContent = selectLanguageTranslations[browserLang];
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Update label on page load
+            updateSelectLanguageLabel();
+
+            // Store the original page language in a cookie
+            const ORIGINAL_LANG_COOKIE = 'original_page_lang';
+
+            function getOriginalPageLanguage() {
+                // Check cookie first
+                const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
+                for (let cookie of cookies) {
+                    const [name, value] = cookie.trim().split('=');
+                    if (name === ORIGINAL_LANG_COOKIE) {
+                        return value;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Use the captured original language from before Google Translate modified it
+                let originalLang = window.originalPageLang || 'en';
+
+                // Warn if HTML tag was missing lang attribute
+                if (!window.originalPageLang || window.originalPageLang.trim() === '') {
+                    console.log('Warning: HTML tag is missing lang attribute. Defaulting to "en" (English). Please add lang attribute to <html> tag for proper accessibility.');
+                    originalLang = 'en';
+                }
+
+                // Store it in a cookie for future reference (1 year)
+                const cookieDomain = getCookieDomain();
+                const maxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 365;
+
+                if (cookieDomain) {
+                    document.cookie = `${ORIGINAL_LANG_COOKIE}=${originalLang}; path=/; domain=${cookieDomain}; max-age=${maxAge}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                } else {
+                    document.cookie = `${ORIGINAL_LANG_COOKIE}=${originalLang}; path=/; max-age=${maxAge}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                }
+
+                return originalLang;
+            }
+
+            // Set the reset button's lang and notranslate attributes
+            const originalPageLang = getOriginalPageLanguage();
+            resetButton.setAttribute('lang', originalPageLang);
+            resetButton.classList.add('notranslate');
+
+            // Set reset button text
+            const originalLangOption = languageSelect.querySelector(`option[value="${originalPageLang}"]`);
+            const originalLangName = originalLangOption ? originalLangOption.text : 'English';
+            resetButton.textContent = originalLangName;
+
+            // Add lang attribute to notranslate elements
+            function addLangToNotranslateElements() {
+                const originalLang = getOriginalPageLanguage();
+
+                // Find all elements with class="notranslate"
+                const notranslateByClass = document.querySelectorAll('.notranslate');
+                notranslateByClass.forEach(element => {
+                    // Only add lang if it doesn't already exist
+                    if (!element.hasAttribute('lang')) {
+                        element.setAttribute('lang', originalLang);
+                    }
+                });
+
+                // Find all elements with translate="no"
+                const notranslateByAttribute = document.querySelectorAll('[translate="no"]');
+                notranslateByAttribute.forEach(element => {
+                    // Only add lang if it doesn't already exist
+                    if (!element.hasAttribute('lang')) {
+                        element.setAttribute('lang', originalLang);
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            // Run on page load
+            addLangToNotranslateElements();
+
+            // Run after DOM changes (for dynamically added content)
+            const observer = new MutationObserver(() => {
+                addLangToNotranslateElements();
+            });
+
+            observer.observe(document.body, {
+                childList: true,
+                subtree: true
+            });
+
+            // Get the root domain for cookies
+            function getCookieDomain() {
+                const hostname = window.location.hostname;
+
+                // If localhost or IP address, don't use domain attribute
+                if (hostname === 'localhost' || /^\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}\.\d{1,3}$/.test(hostname)) {
+                    return null;
+                }
+
+                const parts = hostname.split('.');
+
+                // If it's already a root domain (e.g., "example.com" has 2 parts)
+                if (parts.length <= 2) {
+                    return `.${hostname}`;
+                }
+
+                // Return root domain with leading dot (e.g., ".mass.gov" from "www.mass.gov")
+                return `.${parts.slice(-2).join('.')}`;
+            }
+
+            // Clear all Google Translate cookies completely
+            function clearAllGoogleTranslateCookies() {
+                const cookieDomain = getCookieDomain();
+                const hostname = window.location.hostname;
+
+                // Get all current googtrans cookies
+                const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
+                const googtransCookies = cookies.filter(c => c.trim().startsWith('googtrans='));
+
+                // Clear each one we find
+                googtransCookies.forEach(() => {
+                    // Clear without domain
+                    document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+
+                    // Clear with current hostname
+                    document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; domain=${hostname}; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+
+                    // Clear with root domain
+                    if (cookieDomain) {
+                        document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; domain=${cookieDomain}; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+                    }
+                });
+            }
+
+            // Monitor and clean up duplicate cookies created by Google Translate
+            function monitorAndCleanCookies() {
+                const cookieDomain = getCookieDomain();
+                const hostname = window.location.hostname;
+
+                setInterval(() => {
+                    const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
+                    let googtransCount = 0;
+                    let rootDomainCookieValue = null;
+
+                    // Count googtrans cookies and find the root domain one
+                    cookies.forEach(cookie => {
+                        const [name, value] = cookie.trim().split('=');
+                        if (name === 'googtrans' && value) {
+                            googtransCount++;
+                            // This is the one we want to keep
+                            if (googtransCount === 1) {
+                                rootDomainCookieValue = value;
+                            }
+                        }
+                    });
+
+                    // If we have more than one googtrans cookie, clean them up
+                    if (googtransCount > 1 && rootDomainCookieValue) {
+                        // Clear all cookies
+                        document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+                        document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; domain=${hostname}; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+                        if (cookieDomain) {
+                            document.cookie = `googtrans=; path=/; domain=${cookieDomain}; expires=Thu, 01 Jan 1970 00:00:00 UTC;`;
+                        }
+
+                        // Re-set the single cookie we want
+                        setTimeout(() => {
+                            if (cookieDomain) {
+                                document.cookie = `googtrans=${rootDomainCookieValue}; path=/; domain=${cookieDomain}; max-age=${60 * 60 * 24 * 365}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                            } else {
+                                document.cookie = `googtrans=${rootDomainCookieValue}; path=/; max-age=${60 * 60 * 24 * 365}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                            }
+                        }, 50);
+                    }
+                }, 500); // Check every 500ms
+            }
+
+            // Start monitoring for duplicate cookies
+            monitorAndCleanCookies();
+
+            // Initialize current language from cookie or HTML lang attribute
+            function getCurrentLanguage() {
+                const cookies = document.cookie.split(';');
+                for (let cookie of cookies) {
+                    const [name, value] = cookie.trim().split('=');
+                    if (name === 'googtrans') {
+                        // Cookie format is /SOURCE/TARGET (e.g., /en/es or /de/fr)
+                        const match = value.match(/\/[^\/]+\/(.+)/);
+                        if (match && match[1]) {
+                            return match[1];
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // If no translation cookie, return the original page language
+                return originalPageLang;
+            }
+
+            // Set the select to show current language on page load (only once)
+            let currentLanguageCode = getCurrentLanguage();
+            let hasInitialized = false;
+
+            function initializeLanguageSelect() {
+                if (!hasInitialized) {
+                    // Verify the language code exists in our dropdown
+                    const optionExists = Array.from(languageSelect.options).some(opt => opt.value === currentLanguageCode);
+
+                    if (!optionExists) {
+                        console.warn(`Language code "${currentLanguageCode}" not found in dropdown. Defaulting to original page language.`);
+                        currentLanguageCode = getOriginalPageLanguage();
+                    }
+
+                    // Set the select value to current language
+                    languageSelect.value = currentLanguageCode;
+
+                    // Also set the "selected" attribute on the option for semantic correctness
+                    const options = languageSelect.options;
+                    for (let i = 0; i < options.length; i++) {
+                        if (options[i].value === currentLanguageCode) {
+                            options[i].setAttribute('selected', 'selected');
+                        } else {
+                            options[i].removeAttribute('selected');
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    // Restore the correct lang attribute (Google Translate may have changed it to "auto")
+                    document.documentElement.lang = currentLanguageCode;
+                    hasInitialized = true;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Initialize immediately
+            initializeLanguageSelect();
+
+            // Force correct lang attribute after a short delay (in case Google Translate interferes)
+            setTimeout(() => {
+                if (document.documentElement.lang === 'auto') {
+                    document.documentElement.lang = currentLanguageCode;
+                    console.log(`Corrected lang attribute from "auto" to "${currentLanguageCode}"`);
+                }
+            }, 100);
+
+            // Also initialize after DOM is fully ready
+            if (document.readyState === 'loading') {
+                document.addEventListener('DOMContentLoaded', initializeLanguageSelect);
+            }
+
+            // Apply button click handler
+            applyButton.addEventListener('click', function() {
+                const selectedLanguage = languageSelect.value;
+                const selectedText = languageSelect.options[languageSelect.selectedIndex].text;
+
+                // Check if already on this language
+                if (selectedLanguage === currentLanguageCode) {
+                    statusMessage.textContent = `Already displaying in ${selectedText}`;
+                    return;
+                }
+
+                currentLanguageCode = selectedLanguage;
+
+                // Special handling: if selecting the original page language, treat it as a reset
+                if (selectedLanguage === originalPageLang) {
+                    resetToOriginalLanguage();
+                } else {
+                    triggerGoogleTranslate(selectedLanguage, selectedText);
+                }
+            });
+
+            // Reset button click handler
+            resetButton.addEventListener('click', function() {
+                resetToOriginalLanguage();
+            });
+
+            // Reset to original language function
+            function resetToOriginalLanguage() {
+                // Update HTML lang attribute IMMEDIATELY
+                document.documentElement.lang = originalPageLang;
+
+                // Announce to screen reader immediately
+                const originalLangName = languageSelect.querySelector(`option[value="${originalPageLang}"]`)?.text || originalPageLang;
+                statusMessage.textContent = `Resetting to original language: ${originalLangName}`;
+
+                // Disable buttons during reset
+                applyButton.disabled = true;
+                resetButton.disabled = true;
+                resetButton.textContent = 'Resetting...';
+
+                // Clear ALL Google Translate cookies
+                clearAllGoogleTranslateCookies();
+
+                // Wait for cookies to clear, then reload
+                setTimeout(() => {
+                    window.location.reload();
+                }, 250);
+            }
+
+            // Allow Enter key on select to trigger apply
+            languageSelect.addEventListener('keydown', function(e) {
+                if (e.key === 'Enter') {
+                    e.preventDefault();
+                    applyButton.click();
+                }
+            });
+
+            // Trigger Google Translate programmatically
+            function triggerGoogleTranslate(langCode, langName) {
+                // Update HTML lang attribute IMMEDIATELY for screen readers
+                document.documentElement.lang = langCode;
+
+                // Announce to screen reader immediately
+                statusMessage.textContent = `Changing page language to ${langName}`;
+
+                // Disable button during translation
+                applyButton.disabled = true;
+                applyButton.textContent = 'Translating...';
+
+                // Set translation cookie with proper source language
+                const cookieDomain = getCookieDomain();
+                const cookieValue = `/${originalPageLang}/${langCode}`;
+                const maxAge = 60 * 60 * 24 * 365; // 1 year in seconds
+
+                // Clear old cookies first
+                clearAllGoogleTranslateCookies();
+
+                // Wait for cookies to clear, then set new cookie
+                setTimeout(() => {
+                    if (cookieDomain) {
+                        document.cookie = `googtrans=${cookieValue}; path=/; domain=${cookieDomain}; max-age=${maxAge}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                    } else {
+                        document.cookie = `googtrans=${cookieValue}; path=/; max-age=${maxAge}; SameSite=Lax`;
+                    }
+
+                    // Wait for cookie to be set, then reload
+                    setTimeout(() => {
+                        window.location.reload();
+                    }, 100);
+                }, 150);
+            }
+        })();
     </script>
 
     <js-bottom-placeholder token="{{ placeholder_token|raw }}">