diff --git a/CLAUDE.md b/CLAUDE.md
index e33c66a1c2..58cbb779ca 100644
--- a/CLAUDE.md
+++ b/CLAUDE.md
@@ -256,6 +256,12 @@ When a method with side effects is called, `invalidateExpression()` invalidates
 
 `NodeScopeResolver::processArgs()` has special handling for `Closure::bind()` and `Closure::bindTo()` calls. When the first argument is a closure/arrow function literal, a `$closureBindScope` is created with `$this` rebound to the second argument's type, and this scope is used to process the closure body. However, this `$closureBindScope` must ONLY be applied when the first argument is actually an `Expr\Closure` or `Expr\ArrowFunction`. If the first argument is a general expression that returns a closure (e.g. `$this->hydrate()`), the expression itself must be evaluated in the original scope — otherwise `$this` in the expression gets incorrectly resolved as the bound object type instead of the current class. The condition at the `$scopeToPass` assignment must check the argument node type.
 
+### Variable static calls ($var::method()) and method reflection resolution
+
+When `NodeScopeResolver` processes `StaticCall` with `$expr->class instanceof Expr` (variable class like `$var::method()`), the code at ~line 3303 only resolves `$methodReflection` and `$parametersAcceptor` for `$expr->class instanceof Name` calls. For Expr-based class references, the method reflection was previously left as `null`, causing by-reference parameter types and other parameter-dependent analysis to be skipped. The fix resolves the class type via `getObjectTypeOrClassStringObjectType()` and looks up the method when the class can be determined from the expression type (ConstantStringType, GenericClassStringType, or ObjectType).
+
+When adding method reflection for Expr-based static calls, the `$this` invalidation and constructor property initialization blocks (~lines 3427-3460) must be guarded with `$expr->class instanceof Name`. These blocks handle `self::__construct()`, `parent::__construct()`, and similar Name-based calls that affect `$this`. Without the guard, `$other::__construct()` (calling on a different object) would incorrectly trigger `$this` property initialization and invalidation.
+
 ### Array type tracking: SetExistingOffsetValueTypeExpr vs SetOffsetValueTypeExpr
 
 When assigning to an array offset, NodeScopeResolver must distinguish:
diff --git a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
index 8a807ea745..0136e65f32 100644
--- a/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
+++ b/src/Analyser/NodeScopeResolver.php
@@ -3378,6 +3378,25 @@ function (MutatingScope $scope) use ($stmt, $expr, $nodeCallback, $context, $sto
 				foreach ($additionalThrowPoints as $throwPoint) {
 					$throwPoints[] = $throwPoint;
 				}
+
+				if ($expr->name instanceof Identifier && $methodReflection === null) {
+					$staticMethodCalledOnType = TypeCombinator::removeNull($scope->getType($expr->class))->getObjectTypeOrClassStringObjectType();
+					$methodName = $expr->name->name;
+					if ($staticMethodCalledOnType->hasMethod($methodName)->yes()) {
+						$methodReflection = $staticMethodCalledOnType->getMethod($methodName, $scope);
+						$parametersAcceptor = ParametersAcceptorSelector::selectFromArgs(
+							$scope,
+							$expr->getArgs(),
+							$methodReflection->getVariants(),
+							$methodReflection->getNamedArgumentsVariants(),
+						);
+
+						$methodThrowPoint = $this->getStaticMethodThrowPoint($methodReflection, $parametersAcceptor, $expr, $scope);
+						if ($methodThrowPoint !== null) {
+							$throwPoints[] = $methodThrowPoint;
+						}
+					}
+				}
 			}
 
 			if ($methodReflection !== null) {
@@ -3407,6 +3426,7 @@ function (MutatingScope $scope) use ($stmt, $expr, $nodeCallback, $context, $sto
 
 			if (
 				$methodReflection !== null
+				&& $expr->class instanceof Name
 				&& (
 					(
 						!$methodReflection->isStatic()
@@ -3422,6 +3442,7 @@ function (MutatingScope $scope) use ($stmt, $expr, $nodeCallback, $context, $sto
 
 			if (
 				$methodReflection !== null
+				&& $expr->class instanceof Name
 				&& !$methodReflection->isStatic()
 				&& $methodReflection->getName() === '__construct'
 				&& $scopeFunction instanceof MethodReflection
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5020.php b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5020.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000..cefd581368
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Analyser/nsrt/bug-5020.php
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Bug5020;
+
+use function PHPStan\Testing\assertType;
+
+interface ITransformer
+{
+	public static function Transform(string $theInput, bool &$theErrorEncountered): string;
+}
+
+class Transformer implements ITransformer
+{
+	public static function Transform(string $theInput, bool &$theErrorEncountered): string
+	{
+		if ($theInput === 'invalid') {
+			$theErrorEncountered = true;
+			return '';
+		}
+		return strtoupper(trim($theInput));
+	}
+}
+
+function testConstantStringStaticCall(): void
+{
+	$transformer = 'Bug5020\Transformer';
+	$input = ' asdasda asdasd ';
+	$error = false;
+	$output = $transformer::Transform($input, $error);
+	assertType('string', $output);
+	assertType('bool', $error);
+}
+
+function testDirectStaticCall(): void
+{
+	$input = ' asdasda asdasd ';
+	$error = false;
+	$output = Transformer::Transform($input, $error);
+	assertType('string', $output);
+	assertType('bool', $error);
+}
+
+function testClassStringStaticCall(): void
+{
+	/** @var class-string<ITransformer> $transformer */
+	$transformer = 'Bug5020\Transformer';
+	$input = ' asdasda asdasd ';
+	$error = false;
+	$output = $transformer::Transform($input, $error);
+	assertType('string', $output);
+	assertType('bool', $error);
+}
diff --git a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Classes/InstantiationRuleTest.php b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Classes/InstantiationRuleTest.php
index 3232e63282..511bf6136d 100644
--- a/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Classes/InstantiationRuleTest.php
+++ b/tests/PHPStan/Rules/Classes/InstantiationRuleTest.php
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ public function testBug10248(): void
 		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/bug-10248.php'], []);
 	}
 
-	#[RequiresPhp('>= 8.0')]
+	#[RequiresPhp('>= 8.2')]
 	public function testBug11815(): void
 	{
 		$this->analyse([__DIR__ . '/data/bug-11815.php'], []);