diff --git a/README.md b/README.txt similarity index 100% rename from README.md rename to README.txt diff --git a/res/.DS_Store b/res/.DS_Store deleted file mode 100644 index 5008ddf..0000000 Binary files a/res/.DS_Store and /dev/null differ diff --git a/res/moralesty1/picture.png b/res/moralesty1/picture.png new file mode 100644 index 0000000..0524a97 Binary files /dev/null and b/res/moralesty1/picture.png differ diff --git a/src/moralesty1/ping.c b/src/moralesty1/ping.c new file mode 100644 index 0000000..4c4b95e --- /dev/null +++ b/src/moralesty1/ping.c @@ -0,0 +1,1191 @@ +/* +* Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California. +* All rights reserved. +* +* This code is derived from software contributed to Berkeley by +* Mike Muuss. +* +* Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without +* modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions +* are met: +* 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright +* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. +* 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright +* notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the +* documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. +* 3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software +* must display the following acknowledgement: +* This product includes software developed by the University of +* California, Berkeley and its contributors. +* 4. Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors +* may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software +* without specific prior written permission. +* +* THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE REGENTS AND CONTRIBUTORS ``AS IS'' AND +* ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE +* IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE +* ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE +* FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL +* DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS +* OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) +* HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT +* LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY +* OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF +* SUCH DAMAGE. +*/ + +char copyright[] = +"@(#) Copyright (c) 1989 The Regents of the University of California.\n" +"All rights reserved.\n"; +/* +* From: @(#)ping.c 5.9 (Berkeley) 5/12/91 +*/ +char rcsid[] = "$Id: ping.c,v 1.22 1997/06/08 19:39:47 dholland Exp $"; +char pkg[] = "netkit-base-0.10"; + +/* +* P I N G . C +* +* Using the InterNet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) "ECHO" facility, +* measure round-trip-delays and packet loss across network paths. +* +* Author - +* Mike Muuss +* U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory +* December, 1983 +* +* Status - +* Public Domain. Distribution Unlimited. +* Bugs - +* More statistics could always be gathered. +* This program has to run SUID to ROOT to access the ICMP socket. +*/ + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +/* +* Note: on some systems dropping root makes the process dumpable or +* traceable. In that case if you enable dropping root and someone +* traces ping, they get control of a raw socket and can start +* spoofing whatever packets they like. SO BE CAREFUL. +*/ +#ifdef __linux__ +#define SAFE_TO_DROP_ROOT +#endif + +#if defined(__GLIBC__) && (__GLIBC__ >= 2) +#define icmphdr icmp +#define ICMP_DEST_UNREACH ICMP_UNREACH +#define ICMP_NET_UNREACH ICMP_UNREACH_NET +#define ICMP_HOST_UNREACH ICMP_UNREACH_HOST +#define ICMP_PORT_UNREACH ICMP_UNREACH_PORT +#define ICMP_PROT_UNREACH ICMP_UNREACH_PROTOCOL +#define ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED ICMP_UNREACH_NEEDFRAG +#define ICMP_SR_FAILED ICMP_UNREACH_SRCFAIL +#define ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN ICMP_UNREACH_NET_UNKNOWN +#define ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN ICMP_UNREACH_HOST_UNKNOWN +#define ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED ICMP_UNREACH_ISOLATED +#define ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS ICMP_UNREACH_TOSNET +#define ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS ICMP_UNREACH_TOSHOST +#define ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH ICMP_SOURCEQUENCH +#define ICMP_REDIR_NET ICMP_REDIRECT_NET +#define ICMP_REDIR_HOST ICMP_REDIRECT_HOST +#define ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSNET +#define ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS ICMP_REDIRECT_TOSHOST +#define ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED ICMP_TIMXCEED +#define ICMP_EXC_TTL ICMP_TIMXCEED_INTRANS +#define ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME ICMP_TIMXCEED_REASS +#define ICMP_PARAMETERPROB ICMP_PARAMPROB +#define ICMP_TIMESTAMP ICMP_TSTAMP +#define ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY ICMP_TSTAMPREPLY +#define ICMP_INFO_REQUEST ICMP_IREQ +#define ICMP_INFO_REPLY ICMP_IREQREPLY +#else +#define ICMP_MINLEN 28 +#define inet_ntoa(x) inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *)&(x))) +#endif + + +#define DEFDATALEN (64 - 8) /* default data length */ +#define MAXIPLEN 60 +#define MAXICMPLEN 76 +#define MAXPACKET (65536 - 60 - 8)/* max packet size */ +#define MAXWAIT 10 /* max seconds to wait for response */ +#define NROUTES 9 /* number of record route slots */ + +#define A(bit) rcvd_tbl[(bit)>>3] /* identify byte in array */ +#define B(bit) (1 << ((bit) & 0x07)) /* identify bit in byte */ +#define SET(bit) (A(bit) |= B(bit)) +#define CLR(bit) (A(bit) &= (~B(bit))) +#define TST(bit) (A(bit) & B(bit)) + +/* various options */ +int options; +#define F_FLOOD 0x001 +#define F_INTERVAL 0x002 +#define F_NUMERIC 0x004 +#define F_PINGFILLED 0x008 +#define F_QUIET 0x010 +#define F_RROUTE 0x020 +#define F_SO_DEBUG 0x040 +#define F_SO_DONTROUTE 0x080 +#define F_VERBOSE 0x100 + +/* multicast options */ +int moptions; +#define MULTICAST_NOLOOP 0x001 +#define MULTICAST_TTL 0x002 +#define MULTICAST_IF 0x004 + +/* +* MAX_DUP_CHK is the number of bits in received table, i.e. the maximum +* number of received sequence numbers we can keep track of. Change 128 +* to 8192 for complete accuracy... +*/ +#define MAX_DUP_CHK (8 * 128) +int mx_dup_ck = MAX_DUP_CHK; +char rcvd_tbl[MAX_DUP_CHK / 8]; + +struct sockaddr whereto; /* who to ping */ +int datalen = DEFDATALEN; +int s; /* socket file descriptor */ +u_char outpack[MAXPACKET]; +char BSPACE = '\b'; /* characters written for flood */ +char DOT = '.'; +static char *hostname; +static int ident; /* process id to identify our packets */ + +/* counters */ +static long npackets; /* max packets to transmit */ +static long nreceived; /* # of packets we got back */ +static long nrepeats; /* number of duplicates */ +static long ntransmitted; /* sequence # for outbound packets = #sent */ +static int interval = 1; /* interval between packets */ + +/* timing */ +static int timing; /* flag to do timing */ +static long tmin = LONG_MAX; /* minimum round trip time */ +static long tmax = 0; /* maximum round trip time */ +static u_long tsum; /* sum of all times, for doing average */ + +/* protos */ +static char *pr_addr(u_long); +static int in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len); +static void catcher(int); +static void finish(int ignore); +static void pinger(void); +static void fill(void *bp, char *patp); +static void usage(void); +static void pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from); +static void tvsub(struct timeval *out, struct timeval *in); +static void pr_icmph(struct icmphdr *icp); +static void pr_retip(struct iphdr *ip); + + +int +main(int argc, char *argv[]) +{ + struct timeval timeout; + struct hostent *hp; + struct sockaddr_in *to; + struct protoent *proto; + struct in_addr ifaddr; + int i; + int ch, fdmask, hold, packlen, preload; + u_char *datap, *packet; + char *target, hnamebuf[MAXHOSTNAMELEN]; + u_char ttl, loop; + int am_i_root; + #ifdef IP_OPTIONS + char rspace[3 + 4 * NROUTES + 1]; /* record route space */ + #endif + + static char *null = NULL; + __environ = &null; + am_i_root = (getuid()==0); + + /* + * Pull this stuff up front so we can drop root if desired. + */ + if (!(proto = getprotobyname("icmp"))) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: unknown protocol icmp.\n"); + exit(2); + } + if ((s = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, proto->p_proto)) < 0) { + if (errno==EPERM) { + fprintf(stderr, "ping: ping must run as root\n"); + } + else perror("ping: socket"); + exit(2); + } + + #ifdef SAFE_TO_DROP_ROOT + setuid(getuid()); + #endif + + preload = 0; + datap = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; + while ((ch = getopt(argc, argv, "I:LRc:dfh:i:l:np:qrs:t:v")) != EOF) + switch(ch) { + case 'c': + npackets = atoi(optarg); + if (npackets <= 0) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: bad number of packets to transmit.\n"); + exit(2); + } + break; + case 'd': + options |= F_SO_DEBUG; + break; + case 'f': + if (!am_i_root) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM)); + exit(2); + } + options |= F_FLOOD; + setbuf(stdout, NULL); + break; + case 'i': /* wait between sending packets */ + interval = atoi(optarg); + if (interval <= 0) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: bad timing interval.\n"); + exit(2); + } + options |= F_INTERVAL; + break; + case 'l': + if (!am_i_root) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: %s\n", strerror(EPERM)); + exit(2); + } + preload = atoi(optarg); + if (preload < 0) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: bad preload value.\n"); + exit(2); + } + break; + case 'n': + options |= F_NUMERIC; + break; + case 'p': /* fill buffer with user pattern */ + options |= F_PINGFILLED; + fill(datap, optarg); + break; + case 'q': + options |= F_QUIET; + break; + case 'R': + options |= F_RROUTE; + break; + case 'r': + options |= F_SO_DONTROUTE; + break; + case 's': /* size of packet to send */ + datalen = atoi(optarg); + if (datalen > MAXPACKET) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: packet size too large.\n"); + exit(2); + } + if (datalen <= 0) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: illegal packet size.\n"); + exit(2); + } + break; + case 'v': + options |= F_VERBOSE; + break; + case 'L': + moptions |= MULTICAST_NOLOOP; + loop = 0; + break; + case 't': + moptions |= MULTICAST_TTL; + i = atoi(optarg); + if (i < 0 || i > 255) { + printf("ttl %u out of range\n", i); + exit(2); + } + ttl = i; + break; + case 'I': + moptions |= MULTICAST_IF; + { + int i1, i2, i3, i4; + char junk; + + if (sscanf(optarg, "%u.%u.%u.%u%c", + &i1, &i2, &i3, &i4, &junk) != 4) { + printf("bad interface address '%s'\n", + optarg); + exit(2); + } + ifaddr.s_addr = (i1<<24)|(i2<<16)|(i3<<8)|i4; + ifaddr.s_addr = htonl(ifaddr.s_addr); + } + break; + default: + usage(); + } + argc -= optind; + argv += optind; + + if (argc != 1) + usage(); + target = *argv; + + memset(&whereto, 0, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); + to = (struct sockaddr_in *)&whereto; + to->sin_family = AF_INET; + if (inet_aton(target, &to->sin_addr)) { + hostname = target; + } + else { + hp = gethostbyname(target); + if (!hp) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: unknown host %s\n", target); + exit(2); + } + to->sin_family = hp->h_addrtype; + if (hp->h_length > (int)sizeof(to->sin_addr)) { + hp->h_length = sizeof(to->sin_addr); + } + memcpy(&to->sin_addr, hp->h_addr, hp->h_length); + (void)strncpy(hnamebuf, hp->h_name, sizeof(hnamebuf) - 1); + hostname = hnamebuf; + } + + if (options & F_FLOOD && options & F_INTERVAL) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: -f and -i incompatible options.\n"); + exit(2); + } + + if (datalen >= (int)sizeof(struct timeval)) /* can we time transfer */ + timing = 1; + packlen = datalen + MAXIPLEN + MAXICMPLEN; + packet = malloc((u_int)packlen); + if (!packet) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, "ping: out of memory.\n"); + exit(2); + } + if (!(options & F_PINGFILLED)) + for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i) + *datap++ = i; + + ident = getpid() & 0xFFFF; + hold = 1; + + if (options & F_SO_DEBUG) + (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DEBUG, (char *)&hold, + sizeof(hold)); + + if (options & F_SO_DONTROUTE) + (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_DONTROUTE, (char *)&hold, + sizeof(hold)); + + /* this is necessary for broadcast pings to work */ + setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_BROADCAST, (char *)&hold, sizeof(hold)); + + /* record route option */ + if (options & F_RROUTE) { + #ifdef IP_OPTIONS + memset(rspace, 0, sizeof(rspace)); + rspace[IPOPT_OPTVAL] = IPOPT_RR; + rspace[IPOPT_OLEN] = sizeof(rspace)-1; + rspace[IPOPT_OFFSET] = IPOPT_MINOFF; + if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_OPTIONS, rspace, + sizeof(rspace)) < 0) { + perror("ping: record route"); + exit(2); + } + #else + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: record route not available in this implementation.\n"); + exit(2); + #endif /* IP_OPTIONS */ + } + + /* + * When pinging the broadcast address, you can get a lot of answers. + * Doing something so evil is useful if you are trying to stress the + * ethernet, or just want to fill the arp cache to get some stuff for + * /etc/ethers. + */ + hold = 48 * 1024; + (void)setsockopt(s, SOL_SOCKET, SO_RCVBUF, (char *)&hold, + sizeof(hold)); + + /*#if 0*/ + if (moptions & MULTICAST_NOLOOP) { + if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_LOOP, + &loop, 1) == -1) { + perror ("can't disable multicast loopback"); + exit(92); + } + } + if (moptions & MULTICAST_TTL) { + if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_TTL, + &ttl, 1) == -1) { + perror ("can't set multicast time-to-live"); + exit(93); + } + } + if (moptions & MULTICAST_IF) { + if (setsockopt(s, IPPROTO_IP, IP_MULTICAST_IF, + &ifaddr, sizeof(ifaddr)) == -1) { + perror ("can't set multicast source interface"); + exit(94); + } + } + /*#endif*/ + + if (to->sin_family == AF_INET) + (void)printf("PING %s (%s): %d data bytes\n", hostname, + inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&to->sin_addr.s_addr), + datalen); + else + (void)printf("PING %s: %d data bytes\n", hostname, datalen); + + (void)signal(SIGINT, finish); + (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); + + while (preload--) /* fire off them quickies */ + pinger(); + + if ((options & F_FLOOD) == 0) + catcher(0); /* start things going */ + + for (;;) { + struct sockaddr_in from; + register int cc; + size_t fromlen; + + if (options & F_FLOOD) { + pinger(); + timeout.tv_sec = 0; + timeout.tv_usec = 10000; + fdmask = 1 << s; + if (select(s + 1, (fd_set *)&fdmask, (fd_set *)NULL, + (fd_set *)NULL, &timeout) < 1) + continue; + } + fromlen = sizeof(from); + if ((cc = recvfrom(s, (char *)packet, packlen, 0, + (struct sockaddr *)&from, &fromlen)) < 0) { + if (errno == EINTR) + continue; + perror("ping: recvfrom"); + continue; + } + pr_pack((char *)packet, cc, &from); + if (npackets && nreceived >= npackets) + break; + } + finish(0); + /* NOTREACHED */ + return 0; + } + + /* + * catcher -- + * This routine causes another PING to be transmitted, and then + * schedules another SIGALRM for 1 second from now. + * + * bug -- + * Our sense of time will slowly skew (i.e., packets will not be + * launched exactly at 1-second intervals). This does not affect the + * quality of the delay and loss statistics. + */ + static void + catcher(int ignore) + { + int waittime; + + (void)ignore; + pinger(); + (void)signal(SIGALRM, catcher); + if (!npackets || ntransmitted < npackets) + alarm((u_int)interval); + else { + if (nreceived) { + waittime = 2 * tmax / 1000; + if (!waittime) + waittime = 1; + if (waittime > MAXWAIT) + waittime = MAXWAIT; + } else + waittime = MAXWAIT; + (void)signal(SIGALRM, finish); + (void)alarm((u_int)waittime); + } + } + + #if !defined(__GLIBC__) || (__GLIBC__ < 2) + #define icmp_type type + #define icmp_code code + #define icmp_cksum checksum + #define icmp_id un.echo.id + #define icmp_seq un.echo.sequence + #define icmp_gwaddr un.gateway + #endif /* __GLIBC__ */ + + #define ip_hl ihl + #define ip_v version + #define ip_tos tos + #define ip_len tot_len + #define ip_id id + #define ip_off frag_off + #define ip_ttl ttl + #define ip_p protocol + #define ip_sum check + #define ip_src saddr + #define ip_dst daddr + + /* + * pinger -- + * Compose and transmit an ICMP ECHO REQUEST packet. The IP packet + * will be added on by the kernel. The ID field is our UNIX process ID, + * and the sequence number is an ascending integer. The first 8 bytes + * of the data portion are used to hold a UNIX "timeval" struct in VAX + * byte-order, to compute the round-trip time. + */ + static void + pinger(void) + { + register struct icmphdr *icp; + register int cc; + int i; + + icp = (struct icmphdr *)outpack; + icp->icmp_type = ICMP_ECHO; + icp->icmp_code = 0; + icp->icmp_cksum = 0; + icp->icmp_seq = ntransmitted++; + icp->icmp_id = ident; /* ID */ + + CLR(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); + + if (timing) + (void)gettimeofday((struct timeval *)&outpack[8], + (struct timezone *)NULL); + + cc = datalen + 8; /* skips ICMP portion */ + + /* compute ICMP checksum here */ + icp->icmp_cksum = in_cksum((u_short *)icp, cc); + + i = sendto(s, (char *)outpack, cc, 0, &whereto, + sizeof(struct sockaddr)); + + if (i < 0 || i != cc) { + if (i < 0) + perror("ping: sendto"); + (void)printf("ping: wrote %s %d chars, ret=%d\n", + hostname, cc, i); + } + if (!(options & F_QUIET) && options & F_FLOOD) + (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &DOT, 1); + } + + /* + * pr_pack -- + * Print out the packet, if it came from us. This logic is necessary + * because ALL readers of the ICMP socket get a copy of ALL ICMP packets + * which arrive ('tis only fair). This permits multiple copies of this + * program to be run without having intermingled output (or statistics!). + */ + void + pr_pack(char *buf, int cc, struct sockaddr_in *from) + { + register struct icmphdr *icp; + register int i; + register u_char *cp,*dp; + /*#if 0*/ + register u_long l; + register int j; + static int old_rrlen; + static char old_rr[MAX_IPOPTLEN]; + /*#endif*/ + struct iphdr *ip; + struct timeval tv, *tp; + long triptime = 0; + int hlen, dupflag; + + (void)gettimeofday(&tv, (struct timezone *)NULL); + + /* Check the IP header */ + ip = (struct iphdr *)buf; + hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; + if (cc < datalen + ICMP_MINLEN) { + if (options & F_VERBOSE) + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: packet too short (%d bytes) from %s\n", cc, + inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr)); + return; + } + + /* Now the ICMP part */ + cc -= hlen; + icp = (struct icmphdr *)(buf + hlen); + if (icp->icmp_type == ICMP_ECHOREPLY) { + if (icp->icmp_id != ident) + return; /* 'Twas not our ECHO */ + ++nreceived; + if (timing) { + #ifndef icmp_data + tp = (struct timeval *)(icp + 1); + #else + tp = (struct timeval *)icp->icmp_data; + #endif + tvsub(&tv, tp); + triptime = tv.tv_sec * 10000 + (tv.tv_usec / 100); + tsum += triptime; + if (triptime < tmin) + tmin = triptime; + if (triptime > tmax) + tmax = triptime; + } + + if (TST(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck)) { + ++nrepeats; + --nreceived; + dupflag = 1; + } else { + SET(icp->icmp_seq % mx_dup_ck); + dupflag = 0; + } + + if (options & F_QUIET) + return; + + if (options & F_FLOOD) + (void)write(STDOUT_FILENO, &BSPACE, 1); + else { + (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: icmp_seq=%u", cc, + inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&from->sin_addr.s_addr), + icp->icmp_seq); + (void)printf(" ttl=%d", ip->ip_ttl); + if (timing) + (void)printf(" time=%ld.%ld ms", triptime/10, + triptime%10); + if (dupflag) + (void)printf(" (DUP!)"); + /* check the data */ + #ifndef icmp_data + cp = ((u_char*)(icp + 1) + 8); + #else + cp = (u_char*)icp->icmp_data + 8; + #endif + dp = &outpack[8 + sizeof(struct timeval)]; + for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp, ++dp) { + if (*cp != *dp) { + (void)printf("\nwrong data byte #%d should be 0x%x but was 0x%x", + i, *dp, *cp); + cp = (u_char*)(icp + 1); + for (i = 8; i < datalen; ++i, ++cp) { + if ((i % 32) == 8) + (void)printf("\n\t"); + (void)printf("%x ", *cp); + } + break; + } + } + } + } else { + /* We've got something other than an ECHOREPLY */ + if (!(options & F_VERBOSE)) + return; + (void)printf("%d bytes from %s: ", cc, + pr_addr(from->sin_addr.s_addr)); + pr_icmph(icp); + } + + /*#if 0*/ + /* Display any IP options */ + cp = (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct iphdr); + + for (; hlen > (int)sizeof(struct iphdr); --hlen, ++cp) + switch (*cp) { + case IPOPT_EOL: + hlen = 0; + break; + case IPOPT_LSRR: + (void)printf("\nLSRR: "); + hlen -= 2; + j = *++cp; + ++cp; + if (j > IPOPT_MINOFF) + for (;;) { + l = *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + if (l == 0) + (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); + else + (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); + hlen -= 4; + j -= 4; + if (j <= IPOPT_MINOFF) + break; + (void)putchar('\n'); + } + break; + case IPOPT_RR: + j = *++cp; /* get length */ + i = *++cp; /* and pointer */ + hlen -= 2; + if (i > j) + i = j; + i -= IPOPT_MINOFF; + if (i <= 0) + continue; + if (i == old_rrlen + && cp == (u_char *)buf + sizeof(struct iphdr) + 2 + && !memcmp((char *)cp, old_rr, i) + && !(options & F_FLOOD)) { + (void)printf("\t(same route)"); + i = ((i + 3) / 4) * 4; + hlen -= i; + cp += i; + break; + } + old_rrlen = i; + memcpy(old_rr, cp, i); + (void)printf("\nRR: "); + for (;;) { + l = *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + l = (l<<8) + *++cp; + if (l == 0) + (void)printf("\t0.0.0.0"); + else + (void)printf("\t%s", pr_addr(ntohl(l))); + hlen -= 4; + i -= 4; + if (i <= 0) + break; + (void)putchar('\n'); + } + break; + case IPOPT_NOP: + (void)printf("\nNOP"); + break; + default: + (void)printf("\nunknown option %x", *cp); + break; + } + /*#endif*/ + if (!(options & F_FLOOD)) { + (void)putchar('\n'); + (void)fflush(stdout); + } + } + + /* + * in_cksum -- + * Checksum routine for Internet Protocol family headers (C Version) + */ + static int + in_cksum(u_short *addr, int len) + { + register int nleft = len; + register u_short *w = addr; + register int sum = 0; + u_short answer = 0; + + /* + * Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add + * sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the + * carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. + */ + while (nleft > 1) { + sum += *w++; + nleft -= 2; + } + + /* mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ + if (nleft == 1) { + *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *)w ; + sum += answer; + } + + /* add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ + sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ + sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ + answer = ~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ + return(answer); + } + + /* + * tvsub -- + * Subtract 2 timeval structs: out = out - in. Out is assumed to + * be >= in. + */ + static void + tvsub(register struct timeval *out, register struct timeval *in) + { + if ((out->tv_usec -= in->tv_usec) < 0) { + --out->tv_sec; + out->tv_usec += 1000000; + } + out->tv_sec -= in->tv_sec; + } + + /* + * finish -- + * Print out statistics, and give up. + */ + static void + finish(int ignore) + { + (void)ignore; + + (void)signal(SIGINT, SIG_IGN); + (void)putchar('\n'); + (void)fflush(stdout); + (void)printf("--- %s ping statistics ---\n", hostname); + (void)printf("%ld packets transmitted, ", ntransmitted); + (void)printf("%ld packets received, ", nreceived); + if (nrepeats) + (void)printf("+%ld duplicates, ", nrepeats); + if (ntransmitted) + if (nreceived > ntransmitted) + (void)printf("-- somebody's printing up packets!"); + else + (void)printf("%d%% packet loss", + (int) (((ntransmitted - nreceived) * 100) / + ntransmitted)); + (void)putchar('\n'); + if (nreceived && timing) + (void)printf("round-trip min/avg/max = %ld.%ld/%lu.%ld/%ld.%ld ms\n", + tmin/10, tmin%10, + (tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))/10, + (tsum / (nreceived + nrepeats))%10, + tmax/10, tmax%10); + + if (nreceived==0) exit(1); + exit(0); + } + + #ifdef notdef + static char *ttab[] = { + "Echo Reply", /* ip + seq + udata */ + "Dest Unreachable", /* net, host, proto, port, frag, sr + IP */ + "Source Quench", /* IP */ + "Redirect", /* redirect type, gateway, + IP */ + "Echo", + "Time Exceeded", /* transit, frag reassem + IP */ + "Parameter Problem", /* pointer + IP */ + "Timestamp", /* id + seq + three timestamps */ + "Timestamp Reply", /* " */ + "Info Request", /* id + sq */ + "Info Reply" /* " */ + }; + #endif + + /* + * pr_icmph -- + * Print a descriptive string about an ICMP header. + */ + static void + pr_icmph(struct icmphdr *icp) + { + switch(icp->icmp_type) { + case ICMP_ECHOREPLY: + (void)printf("Echo Reply\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ + break; + case ICMP_DEST_UNREACH: + switch(icp->icmp_code) { + case ICMP_NET_UNREACH: + (void)printf("Destination Net Unreachable\n"); + break; + case ICMP_HOST_UNREACH: + (void)printf("Destination Host Unreachable\n"); + break; + case ICMP_PROT_UNREACH: + (void)printf("Destination Protocol Unreachable\n"); + break; + case ICMP_PORT_UNREACH: + (void)printf("Destination Port Unreachable\n"); + break; + case ICMP_FRAG_NEEDED: + (void)printf("frag needed and DF set\n"); + break; + case ICMP_SR_FAILED: + (void)printf("Source Route Failed\n"); + break; + case ICMP_NET_UNKNOWN: + (void)printf("Network Unknown\n"); + break; + case ICMP_HOST_UNKNOWN: + (void)printf("Host Unknown\n"); + break; + case ICMP_HOST_ISOLATED: + (void)printf("Host Isolated\n"); + break; + case ICMP_NET_UNR_TOS: + printf("Destination Network Unreachable At This TOS\n"); + break; + case ICMP_HOST_UNR_TOS: + printf("Destination Host Unreachable At This TOS\n"); + break; + #ifdef ICMP_PKT_FILTERED + case ICMP_PKT_FILTERED: + (void)printf("Packet Filtered\n"); + break; + #endif + #ifdef ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION + case ICMP_PREC_VIOLATION: + (void)printf("Precedence Violation\n"); + break; + #endif + #ifdef ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF + case ICMP_PREC_CUTOFF: + (void)printf("Precedence Cutoff\n"); + break; + #endif + default: + (void)printf("Dest Unreachable, Unknown Code: %d\n", + icp->icmp_code); + break; + } + /* Print returned IP header information */ + #ifndef icmp_data + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)(icp + 1)); + #else + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)icp->icmp_data); + #endif + break; + case ICMP_SOURCE_QUENCH: + (void)printf("Source Quench\n"); + #ifndef icmp_data + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)(icp + 1)); + #else + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)icp->icmp_data); + #endif + break; + case ICMP_REDIRECT: + switch(icp->icmp_code) { + case ICMP_REDIR_NET: + (void)printf("Redirect Network"); + break; + case ICMP_REDIR_HOST: + (void)printf("Redirect Host"); + break; + case ICMP_REDIR_NETTOS: + (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Network"); + break; + case ICMP_REDIR_HOSTTOS: + (void)printf("Redirect Type of Service and Host"); + break; + default: + (void)printf("Redirect, Bad Code: %d", icp->icmp_code); + break; + } + (void)printf("(New addr: %s)\n", + inet_ntoa(icp->icmp_gwaddr)); + #ifndef icmp_data + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)(icp + 1)); + #else + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)icp->icmp_data); + #endif + break; + case ICMP_ECHO: + (void)printf("Echo Request\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq + Data */ + break; + case ICMP_TIME_EXCEEDED: + switch(icp->icmp_code) { + case ICMP_EXC_TTL: + (void)printf("Time to live exceeded\n"); + break; + case ICMP_EXC_FRAGTIME: + (void)printf("Frag reassembly time exceeded\n"); + break; + default: + (void)printf("Time exceeded, Bad Code: %d\n", + icp->icmp_code); + break; + } + #ifndef icmp_data + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)(icp + 1)); + #else + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)icp->icmp_data); + #endif + break; + case ICMP_PARAMETERPROB: + (void)printf("Parameter problem: IP address = %s\n", + inet_ntoa (icp->icmp_gwaddr)); + #ifndef icmp_data + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)(icp + 1)); + #else + pr_retip((struct iphdr *)icp->icmp_data); + #endif + break; + case ICMP_TIMESTAMP: + (void)printf("Timestamp\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ + break; + case ICMP_TIMESTAMPREPLY: + (void)printf("Timestamp Reply\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq + 3 timestamps */ + break; + case ICMP_INFO_REQUEST: + (void)printf("Information Request\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq */ + break; + case ICMP_INFO_REPLY: + (void)printf("Information Reply\n"); + /* XXX ID + Seq */ + break; + #ifdef ICMP_MASKREQ + case ICMP_MASKREQ: + (void)printf("Address Mask Request\n"); + break; + #endif + #ifdef ICMP_MASKREPLY + case ICMP_MASKREPLY: + (void)printf("Address Mask Reply\n"); + break; + #endif + default: + (void)printf("Bad ICMP type: %d\n", icp->icmp_type); + } + } + + /* + * pr_iph -- + * Print an IP header with options. + */ + static void + pr_iph(struct iphdr *ip) + { + int hlen; + u_char *cp; + + hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; + cp = (u_char *)ip + 20; /* point to options */ + + (void)printf("Vr HL TOS Len ID Flg off TTL Pro cks Src Dst Data\n"); + (void)printf(" %1x %1x %02x %04x %04x", + ip->ip_v, ip->ip_hl, ip->ip_tos, ip->ip_len, ip->ip_id); + (void)printf(" %1x %04x", ((ip->ip_off) & 0xe000) >> 13, + (ip->ip_off) & 0x1fff); + (void)printf(" %02x %02x %04x", ip->ip_ttl, ip->ip_p, ip->ip_sum); + (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *) &ip->ip_src))); + (void)printf(" %s ", inet_ntoa(*((struct in_addr *) &ip->ip_dst))); + /* dump and option bytes */ + while (hlen-- > 20) { + (void)printf("%02x", *cp++); + } + (void)putchar('\n'); + } + + /* + * pr_addr -- + * Return an ascii host address as a dotted quad and optionally with + * a hostname. + */ + static char * + pr_addr(u_long l) + { + struct hostent *hp; + static char buf[256]; + + if ((options & F_NUMERIC) || + !(hp = gethostbyaddr((char *)&l, 4, AF_INET))) + (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s", + inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); + else + (void)snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "%s (%s)", hp->h_name, + inet_ntoa(*(struct in_addr *)&l)); + return(buf); + } + + /* + * pr_retip -- + * Dump some info on a returned (via ICMP) IP packet. + */ + static void + pr_retip(struct iphdr *ip) + { + int hlen; + u_char *cp; + + pr_iph(ip); + hlen = ip->ip_hl << 2; + cp = (u_char *)ip + hlen; + + if (ip->ip_p == 6) + (void)printf("TCP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", + (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); + else if (ip->ip_p == 17) + (void)printf("UDP: from port %u, to port %u (decimal)\n", + (*cp * 256 + *(cp + 1)), (*(cp + 2) * 256 + *(cp + 3))); + } + + static void + fill(void *bp1, char *patp) + { + register int ii, jj, kk; + int pat[16]; + char *cp, *bp = (char *)bp1; + + for (cp = patp; *cp; cp++) + if (!isxdigit(*cp)) { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "ping: patterns must be specified as hex digits.\n"); + exit(2); + } + ii = sscanf(patp, + "%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x%2x", + &pat[0], &pat[1], &pat[2], &pat[3], &pat[4], &pat[5], &pat[6], + &pat[7], &pat[8], &pat[9], &pat[10], &pat[11], &pat[12], + &pat[13], &pat[14], &pat[15]); + + if (ii > 0) + for (kk = 0; kk <= MAXPACKET - (8 + ii); kk += ii) + for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) + bp[jj + kk] = pat[jj]; + if (!(options & F_QUIET)) { + (void)printf("PATTERN: 0x"); + for (jj = 0; jj < ii; ++jj) + (void)printf("%02x", bp[jj] & 0xFF); + (void)printf("\n"); + } + } + + static void + usage(void) + { + (void)fprintf(stderr, + "usage: ping [-LRdfnqrv] [-c count] [-i wait] [-l preload]\n\t[-p pattern] [-s packetsize] [-t ttl] [-I interface address] host\n"); + exit(2); + } diff --git a/src/moralesty1/pong.cpp b/src/moralesty1/pong.cpp new file mode 100644 index 0000000..ce3e284 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/moralesty1/pong.cpp @@ -0,0 +1,989 @@ +/* + +Pong + +Using the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) ECHO_REQUEST +and ECHO_REPLY messages to measure round-trip-delays and packet +loss across network paths. Eventually, we'd like to expand +this to UDP pinging as well. + +Created as a 2013 NDSU Capstone Project with specifications +and requirements provided by Ericsson. + +An extension/reimplementation of the original ping.c for the 21st +century. +Emphasis is on readability and ease of understanding the code. +Inspiration and design inspired by: + +Mike Muuss +U. S. Army Ballistic Research Laboratory +December, 1983 +Modified at UC Berkeley + +*/ + + +/* + +Imports and definitions + +*/ + +#define IP_MINLENGTH 34 +#define ICMP_MINLENGTH 16 +#define DEFAULT_LISTEN_TIMEOUT 2 +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#ifdef __MACH__ +#include +#include +#endif + +#if __unix__||__APPLE__ +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include +#include + +#elif WIN32 +#include +#include +struct sockaddr_in *socketAddress; +/* ICMP Header for Windows branch */ +struct icmp { + BYTE icmp_type; // ICMP packet type + BYTE icmp_code; // Type sub code + USHORT icmp_cksum; + USHORT icmp_id; + USHORT icmp_seq; + ULONG icmp_data; // not part of ICMP, but we need it +}; +#endif + +/* + +Initialize Structs + +*/ + +struct sockaddr_in *whereto; +struct in_addr destIP; +struct in_addr srcIP; +struct icmp * icmpHeader; +struct icmp * receivedICMPHeader; +struct icmp * receivedIPHeader; +struct ip * ipHeader; +u_char * packet[100]; +u_char * packetIP[100]; + +/* + +Global Variables for stats and keeping track +of how many pings were sent, how many need +to be excluded, and more. + +*/ +int sent; +int packetsTimedOut = 0; +int processID; +int icmpPayloadLength = 30; +int pingsToSend = 5; +int pingsSent = 0; +int pingsToExclude = 0; +double totalResponseTime = 0.0; +double sumOfResponseTimesSquared = 0.0; +double roundTripTime = 0.0; +int pingsReceived = 0; +bool excludingPing; +int timeoutInput = DEFAULT_LISTEN_TIMEOUT; +volatile bool killSwitch = true; + +/* + +Variables for CSV file + +*/ +using namespace std; +ofstream csvOutput; +string csvFileName = "output.csv"; + +/* + +Time settings + +*/ + +#if __MACH__ +clock_serv_t cclock; +mach_timespec_t sentTime, receivedTime; +#elif __WINDOWS__ +#elif __GNUC__ +struct timespec sentTime2, receivedTime2; +#endif + + + +/* + +Checksum() + +Simple checksum function for ICMP Header. This implentation was +adapted from Mike Musss' version of ping.c + +*/ +static u_short checksum(u_short *ICMPHeader, int len) +{ + register int nleft = len; + register u_short *ICMPPointer = ICMPHeader; + register int sum = 0; + u_short answer = 0; + + /* + Our algorithm is simple, using a 32 bit accumulator (sum), we add + sequential 16 bit words to it, and at the end, fold back all the + carry bits from the top 16 bits into the lower 16 bits. + */ + while (nleft > 1) + { + sum += *ICMPPointer; + ICMPPointer++; + nleft -= 2; + } + + /* Mop up an odd byte, if necessary */ + if (nleft == 1) + { + *(u_char *)(&answer) = *(u_char *) ICMPPointer; + sum += answer; + } + + /* Add back carry outs from top 16 bits to low 16 bits */ + sum = (sum >> 16) + (sum & 0xffff); /* add hi 16 to low 16 */ + sum += (sum >> 16); /* add carry */ + answer = (u_short)~sum; /* truncate to 16 bits */ + return(answer); +} + +/* + +pingICMP() + +This method actually sends our ECHO_REQUEST across the internet. +It computes the ICMP checksum and sends the packet to the address +specified in main(). + +*/ +void pingICMP(int socketDescriptor, int icmpPayloadLength) +{ + /* Get time, put it in the packet */ + + /* Set time sent */ + #ifdef __MACH__ + host_get_clock_service(mach_host_self(), SYSTEM_CLOCK, &cclock); + clock_get_time(cclock, (mach_timespec_t *)icmpHeader->icmp_data); + mach_port_deallocate(mach_task_self(), cclock); + + #elif __WINDOWS__ + // GetTick64Count() + #elif __GNUC__ + clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, (struct timespec *)icmpHeader->icmp_data); + #else + //clock_gettime(CLOCK_REALTIME, &ts); + #endif + + /* Compute checksum */ + icmpHeader->icmp_cksum = 0; + icmpHeader->icmp_cksum = checksum((u_short *)icmpHeader, sizeof(*icmpHeader)); + + /* Try to send the packet */ + sent = sendto(socketDescriptor, packet, icmpPayloadLength + 8, 0, (struct sockaddr *)whereto, sizeof(struct sockaddr)); + + /* Check if the packet sent or not */ + if(sent > 0) + { + pingsSent++; + /* Increment the packet sequence number */ + icmpHeader->icmp_seq++; + } + else + { + printf("Ping not sent.\n\n"); + } +} + +/* + +report() + +This function reports the final statistics, either to the command line +or to a CSV (comma separated value) file. Current statistics and output +information includes pings sent, pings received, pings dropped, pings excluded, +average response time, and standard deviation for response time. + +*/ +void report() +{ + if(pingsSent != 0) + { + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + printf("%d packets sent, %d dropped", pingsSent, (pingsSent - pingsReceived)); + if(excludingPing) + { + printf(", %d excluded from summary\n", pingsToExclude); + } + else + { + printf("\n"); + } + double average = totalResponseTime / (pingsSent - pingsToExclude); + printf("Stats avg/stddev : %f / %f\n", average, sqrt((sumOfResponseTimesSquared / (pingsReceived - pingsToExclude)) - (average * average))); + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + } +} + +/* + +listenICMP() + +This function waits from an incoming packet, checks to see if it is our ECHO_REPLY, +and then gets data out of the packet and computes statistics or doesn't (depending +on if we're excluding that response or not). + +*/ +void listenICMP(int socketDescriptor, sockaddr_in * fromWhom, bool quiet, bool excludingPings, int timeoutLength) +{ + /* Setting some variables needed for select() and our file descriptor */ + char receivedPacketBuffer[512]; + fd_set readfds; + FD_SET(socketDescriptor, &readfds); + struct timeval timeout; + timeout.tv_sec = timeoutLength; // timeout period, seconds (added second, if that matters) + //printf("Timeout length") + timeout.tv_usec = 0; // timeuot period, microseconds 1,000,000 micro = second + // TODO Make this timeout dependent on how many pings have been sent... + int selectStatus = select(socketDescriptor+1, &readfds, NULL, NULL, &timeout); + socklen_t fromWhomLength = sizeof(fromWhom); + if(selectStatus == -1) + { + printf("LISTEN: Error in select()\n"); + } + else if(selectStatus == 0) + { + printf("I'm tired of waiting. Timeout.\n"); + packetsTimedOut++; + csvOutput << "Dropped" << endl; + return; + } + else + { + if(FD_ISSET(socketDescriptor, &readfds)) + { + + /* Receive the data */ + ssize_t bytesReceived = recvfrom(socketDescriptor, receivedPacketBuffer, sizeof(receivedPacketBuffer), 0, (struct sockaddr *)&fromWhom, &fromWhomLength); + + /* Format the received data into the IP struct, then shift bits */ + struct ip * receivedIPHeader = (struct ip *) receivedPacketBuffer; + int headerLength = receivedIPHeader->ip_hl << 2; + + /* Format the received data into the ICMP struct */ + receivedICMPHeader = (struct icmp *)(receivedPacketBuffer + headerLength); + + /* Get the time */ + #if __MACH__ + clock_get_time(cclock, &receivedTime); + mach_timespec_t * sentTime = (mach_timespec_t *)receivedICMPHeader->icmp_data; + /* Thanks Richard Stevens' book UNIX Network Programming for helping with + this next chunk of time processing code */ + if ( (receivedTime.tv_nsec -= sentTime->tv_nsec) < 0) + { + --receivedTime.tv_sec; + receivedTime.tv_nsec += 1000000000; + } + + #elif __WINDOWS__ + // GetTick64Count() + #elif __GNUC__ + clock_gettime(CLOCK_MONOTONIC, &receivedTime2); + struct timespec * sentTime2 = (struct timespec *)receivedICMPHeader->icmp_data; + /* Thanks Richard Stevens' book UNIX Network Programming for helping with + this next chunk of time processing code */ + if ( (receivedTime2.tv_nsec -= sentTime2->tv_nsec) < 0) + { + --receivedTime2.tv_sec; + receivedTime2.tv_nsec += 1000000000; + } + + #endif + + /* Check if the packet was an ECHO_REPLY, and if it was meant for our computer using the ICMP id, + which we set to the process ID */ + if (receivedICMPHeader->icmp_type == 0) + { + + if(receivedICMPHeader->icmp_id != processID) + { + printf("Not our packet\n"); + printf("processID = %d \t ID = %d\n", processID, receivedICMPHeader->icmp_id); + } + else + { + /* We got a valid reply. Count it! */ + pingsReceived++; + + /* Calculate round trip time */ + if(!excludingPings) + { + #if __MACH__ + receivedTime.tv_sec -= sentTime->tv_sec; + roundTripTime = receivedTime.tv_sec * 1000.0 + receivedTime.tv_nsec / 1000000.0; + #elif __GNUC__ + receivedTime2.tv_sec -= sentTime2->tv_sec; + roundTripTime = receivedTime2.tv_sec * 1000.0 + receivedTime2.tv_nsec / 1000000.0; + #endif + sumOfResponseTimesSquared += roundTripTime * roundTripTime; + totalResponseTime += roundTripTime; + } + + /* Get presentation format of source IP */ + char str[INET_ADDRSTRLEN]; + inet_ntop(AF_INET, &(receivedIPHeader->ip_src), str, INET_ADDRSTRLEN); + + /* If we're counting stats for this reply, add data to running stats */ + if(!excludingPings) + { + /* If we're in CSV mode, print info to the file instead of to the terminal */ + if(quiet) + { + printf(".\n"); + csvOutput << (bytesReceived + 14) << "," << str << "," << receivedICMPHeader->icmp_seq << "," << (int)receivedIPHeader->ip_ttl << "," << roundTripTime << endl; + } + /* Otherwise, print received reply information to the terminal */ + else + { + printf("%d bytes from %s packet number:%d ttl:%d time:%f ms\n", (bytesReceived + 14), str, receivedICMPHeader->icmp_seq, (int)receivedIPHeader->ip_ttl, roundTripTime); + } + } + } + } + } + } +} + + +/* + +buildPing() + +buildPing() initializes the ICMP Header and IP Header structs, which +contain essential packet information. The IP address information is +set in main(). + +*/ +void buildPing() +{ + icmpHeader = (struct icmp *) packet; + ipHeader= (struct ip *) packetIP; + icmpHeader->icmp_type = 8; // This shouldn't change + icmpHeader->icmp_code = 0; + icmpHeader->icmp_cksum = 0; + icmpHeader->icmp_seq = 1; + icmpHeader->icmp_id = processID; + ipHeader->ip_p = 1; + ipHeader->ip_ttl = 64; //Recommended value, according to the internet. + ipHeader->ip_hl = 5; +} + + +void interrupt(int signal); +/* + +main() + +Where the magic happens. Command line flags are set, program +control is set. + +*/ +char *argv[2]; +int main(int argc, const char** argv) +{ + signal(SIGINT, interrupt); + #ifdef WIN32 + WSADATA wsaData; + int result=WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2,0), &wsaData); + if(result != 0) { + printf("WSAStartup failed with error: %d\n", wsaData); + return 1; + #endif + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + + int socketDescriptor; + + /* + + Variables for command line flag processing + + */ + const char* destination = argv[1]; + bool timeBetweenReq = 0; // -q // --request-time + float msecsBetweenReq = 1000; + bool timeBetweenRepReq = 0; // -b // --reply-request-time + int msecsBetweenRepReq = 0; + bool datagramSizeSet = 0; // -d // --datagram-size + bool payloadSize = 0; // -p // --payload-size + bool randSizeMinMax = 0; // -l // --random-size-minmax + int bytesSizeMin = 0; + int bytesSizeMax = 0; + bool randSizeAvgStd = 0; // -r // --random-size-avgstd + int bytesSizeAvg = 0; + int bytesSizeStd = 0; + bool randTimeMinMax = 0; // -s // --random-time-minmax + int msecsTimeMin = 0; + int msecsTimeMax = 0; + bool randTimeAvgStd = 0; // -t // --random-time-avgstd + int msecsTimeAvg = 0; + int msecsTimeStd = 0; + bool increasingSize = 0; // -i // --increasing-size + int sizeInitial = 0; // Must be greater than or equal to (IP_MINLENGTH + ICMP_MINLENGTH) + int sizeGrowth = 0; + excludingPing = 0; // -e // --exclud + bool multiplePings = 0; // -n // --ping-count + bool csvMode = 0; // -c // --csv + + if(argc - 1 == 0) + { + printf("USAGE:\nePing [host IP or domain name]\n[-n/--pings-to-send num of pings to send]\n[-e/--exclude num of pings to exclude from stats]\n\nTIME\n[-q/--request-time time between sent pings]\n[-t/--random-time-avgstd set random, normally distributed time between pings - enter average and standard deviation]\n[-z/--timeout manually set timeout for listening method]\n\nSIZE\n[-p/--payload-size ICMP payload size] OR [-d/--datagram-size size of whole packet]\n[-r/--random-size-avgstd set random, normally distributed packet sizes - enter average and standard deviation]\n\nOUTPUT\n[-c/--csv output reply information to a csv file]\n"); + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + return(1); + } + else + { + + /* Check if we're root. If not, we can't create the raw socket necessary for ICMP */ + if(getuid()!=0 && geteuid()!=0) + { + printf("UID: %d EUID: %d", getuid(), geteuid()); + printf("\nCan't run. I need root permissions to create raw socket. Sorry.\n"); + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + return(1); + } + + /* Create socket descriptor for sending and receiving traffic */ + socketDescriptor = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_RAW, IPPROTO_ICMP); + + /* Drop root permissions */ + seteuid(501); + setuid(getuid()); + + } + for(int i = 2; i < argc; i++) { + // argv[0] is the ./a which is input + // argv[1] is the address (IPv4, DNS, IPv6) + if(strcmp(argv[i],"-q") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--request-time") == 0) + { + if(timeBetweenRepReq || randTimeMinMax || randTimeAvgStd) + { + printf("-q flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) >= 0) + { + timeBetweenReq = true; + msecsBetweenReq = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + printf("Flag -q set! Waiting %f milliseconds between ping requests.\n", msecsBetweenReq); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-q flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-b") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--reply-request-time") == 0) + { + if(timeBetweenReq || randTimeMinMax || randTimeAvgStd) + { + printf("-b flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) >= 0) + { + timeBetweenRepReq = true; + msecsBetweenRepReq = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + printf("Flag -b set! Waiting %d milliseconds between receiving a reply and sending a request\n", msecsBetweenRepReq); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-b flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-d") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--datagram-size") == 0) + { + if(payloadSize || randSizeMinMax || randSizeAvgStd) + { + printf("-d flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) > 0) + { + datagramSizeSet = true; + icmpPayloadLength = atoi(argv[i + 1]) - ICMP_MINLEN - IP_MINLENGTH; + if(icmpPayloadLength < 8) + { + printf("Error: datagram size must be greater than 50 bytes.\n"); + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + return(1); + } + printf("Flag -d set! Datagram will be %d bytes large.\n", icmpPayloadLength+IP_MINLENGTH+ICMP_MINLEN); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-d flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-p") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--payload-size") == 0) + { + if(datagramSizeSet || randSizeMinMax || randSizeAvgStd) + { + printf("-p flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) >= 0) + { + payloadSize = true; + icmpPayloadLength = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + if(icmpPayloadLength < 8) + { + printf("Error: Payload size must be 8 bytes or greater.\n"); + printf("----------------------------------------------------------------\n"); + return(1); + } + printf("Flag -p set! Payload size will be %d bytes large.\n", icmpPayloadLength); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-p flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-l") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--random-size-minmax") == 0) + { + if(datagramSizeSet || payloadSize || increasingSize || randSizeAvgStd) + { + printf("-l flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 2 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 2]) > 0) + { + randSizeMinMax = true; + if(atoi(argv[i + 1]) > atoi(argv[i + 2])) + { + bytesSizeMin = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + bytesSizeMax = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + } + else + { + bytesSizeMin = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + bytesSizeMax = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + } + printf("Flag -l set! Random size will be between %d ", bytesSizeMin); + printf("and %d.\n", bytesSizeMax); + i += 2; + } + else + { + printf("-l flag not set, requires parameters.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-r") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--random-size-avgstd") == 0) + { + if(datagramSizeSet || payloadSize || increasingSize || randSizeMinMax) + { + printf("-r flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 2 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 2]) > 0) + { + randSizeAvgStd = true; + bytesSizeAvg = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + bytesSizeStd = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + printf("Flag -r set! Random size will average %d",bytesSizeAvg); + printf(" with a std. dev. of %d.\n", bytesSizeStd); + i += 2; + } + else + { + printf("-r flag not set, requires parameters.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-s") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--random-time-minmax") == 0) + { + if(timeBetweenReq || timeBetweenRepReq || randTimeAvgStd) + { + printf("-s flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 2 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 2]) > 0) + { + randTimeMinMax = true; + if(atoi(argv[i + 1]) > atoi(argv[i + 2])) + { + msecsTimeMin = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + msecsTimeMax = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + } + else + { + msecsTimeMin = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + msecsTimeMax = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + } + printf("Flag -s set! Random time between requests will be between %d ", msecsTimeMin); + printf("and %d.\n", msecsTimeMax); + i += 2; + } + else + { + printf("-s flag not set, requires parameters.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-t") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--random-time-avgstd") == 0) + { + if(timeBetweenReq || timeBetweenRepReq || randTimeMinMax) + { + printf("-t flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 2 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 2]) > 0) + { + randTimeAvgStd = true; + msecsTimeAvg = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + msecsTimeStd = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + printf("Flag -t set! Random time between requests will average %d ",msecsTimeAvg); + printf("with a std. dev. of %d.\n", msecsTimeStd); + i += 2; + } + else + { + printf("-t flag not set, requires parameters.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-i") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--increasing-size") == 0) + { + if(datagramSizeSet || payloadSize || randSizeMinMax || randSizeAvgStd) + { + printf("-i flag not set, conflicting with previously set flag.\n"); + } + else + { + if(i + 2 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 2]) > 0) + { + increasingSize = true; + sizeInitial = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + sizeGrowth = atoi(argv[i + 2]); + if(sizeInitial >= (IP_MINLENGTH + ICMP_MINLENGTH)) + { + printf("Flag -i set! Pings will have an initial size of %d ", sizeInitial); + printf("and grow at a rate of %d per request.\n", sizeGrowth); + + //Subtract growth from initial once so when we ping, we can add sizeGrowth to it every time, + //and initialGrowth is still proper + icmpPayloadLength = sizeInitial - sizeGrowth - IP_MINLENGTH - ICMP_MINLENGTH + 8; + } + else + { + printf("Problem: Initial size must be greater than IP header size plus the ICMP header size (%d).\n", IP_MINLENGTH + ICMP_MINLENGTH); + return(1); + } + i += 2; + } + else + { + printf("-i flag not set, requires parameters.\n"); + } + } + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-e") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--exclude") == 0) + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) > 0) + { + excludingPing = true; + pingsToExclude = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + if(pingsToExclude >= pingsToSend) + { + printf("Trying to exclude more pings than you send huh? Not funny.\n"); + exit(0); + } + printf("Flag -e set! %d earliest pings to be excluded from final statistics.\n", pingsToExclude); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-e flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + } + + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i],"-n") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i],"--pings-to-send") == 0) + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) > 0) + { + multiplePings = true; + pingsToSend = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + printf("Flag -n set! %d pings to be sent.\n", pingsToSend); + i++; + } + else + { + printf("-n flag not set, requires parameter.\n"); + + } + + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i], "-c") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "--csv") == 0) + { + csvMode = 1; + if(i + 1 < argc) + { + csvFileName = argv[i+1]; + i++; + } + else + { + csvFileName = "output.csv"; + } + /* Open the CSV file */ + csvOutput.open(csvFileName); + printf("Flag -c set! Replies will be output to %s.\n", csvFileName.c_str()); + } + else if(strcmp(argv[i], "-z") == 0 || strcmp(argv[i], "--timeout") == 0) + { + if(i + 1 < argc && atoi(argv[i + 1]) > 0) + { + timeoutInput = atoi(argv[i + 1]); + i++; + } + + printf("Flag -z set! Listening timeout will be set to %d seconds.\n", timeoutInput); + } + else + { + printf("Flag not recognized, \"%s\"\n",argv[i]); + } + } + printf("Destination set to: %s\n", argv[1]); + + struct addrinfo *result, hints; + hints.ai_family = AF_INET; /* Allow IPv4 or IPv6 */ + hints.ai_socktype = SOCK_RAW; /* RAW socket */ + hints.ai_flags = AI_PASSIVE; /* Fill in my IP address */ + int status; + + /* Convert address */ + if((status = getaddrinfo(destination, NULL, &hints, &result)) != 0) + { + printf("getaddrinfo error: %s\n", gai_strerror(status)); + printf("Double check the address that you want to ping.\n"); + exit(1); + } + + whereto = (struct sockaddr_in *)result->ai_addr; + + + /* + + WINDOWS block for setting the source and destination IP address + + */ + #if WIN32 + sockAddress = &whereto; + int sizeOfAddress=sizeof(IPHeader.destinationIPAddress); + if(WSAStringToAddress((char *)destination,AF_INET,NULL,(LPSOCKADDR)&IPHeader.destinationIPAddress.S_un.S_un_W,&sizeOfAddress)!=0) + { + int error=WSAGetLastError(); + std::cout<sin_addr),(int*)sizeof(socketAddress->sin_addr))!=0) + { + int error=WSAGetLastError(); + std::cout< distribution(bytesSizeAvg, bytesSizeStd); + std::normal_distribution distribution2(msecsTimeAvg, msecsTimeStd); + + + /* Specify that we want two threads (one for listening, one for sending) */ + omp_set_num_threads(2); + + /* + + Execute the ping/listen functions in sequential mode (wait for reply before sending request) + + */ + if(timeBetweenRepReq) + { + while(pingsSent < pingsToSend) + { + + pingICMP(socketDescriptor, icmpPayloadLength); + listenICMP(socketDescriptor, &sourceSocket, 0, 0, timeoutInput); + usleep(msecsBetweenRepReq * 1000); + } + + } + + /* + + Execute the ping/listen functions in parallel with OpenMP threading + + */ + else + { + + #pragma omp parallel sections + { + + /* Sending block */ + #pragma omp section + for (i = 0; i < pingsToSend; i++) + { + /* Ping */ + if(randSizeAvgStd) + { + randomDatagramSize = distribution(generator); + pingICMP(socketDescriptor, randomDatagramSize - IP_MINLENGTH - ICMP_MINLEN); + } + else if(increasingSize) + { + icmpPayloadLength += sizeGrowth; + pingICMP(socketDescriptor, icmpPayloadLength); + } + else + { + pingICMP(socketDescriptor, icmpPayloadLength); + } + + /* Wait */ + if(randTimeAvgStd) + { + randomTime = distribution2(generator); + usleep(randomTime * 1000); + } + else + { + usleep(msecsBetweenReq * 1000); + } + } + + /* Listening block */ + #pragma omp section + while(i != pingsToSend - 1 && pingsToSend != pingsReceived + packetsTimedOut && killSwitch) + { + + /* If we're excluding some pings, listen but don't print any info */ + if(excludingPing && pingsReceived < pingsToExclude) + { + listenICMP(socketDescriptor, &sourceSocket, 1, 1, timeoutInput); + } + + /* If we're outputting to a CSV file, don't print out so much on the terminal */ + else if(csvMode) + { + listenICMP(socketDescriptor, &sourceSocket, 1, 0, timeoutInput); + } + + /* Otherwise, print all statistics and information to the terminal */ + else + { + listenICMP(socketDescriptor, &sourceSocket, 0, 0, timeoutInput); + } + + } + + } + } + + /* Print final statistics and quit */ + report(); + + if(csvMode) + { + csvOutput.close(); + } + #ifdef WIN32 + int result = WSACleanup(); + #endif + return(0); + } + + void interrupt(int signal) + { + if(killSwitch) + { + pingsToSend = 0; + killSwitch = false; + } + }