diff --git a/src/lab/exp1/Quizzes.html b/src/lab/exp1/Quizzes.html index 86db3d4..1716813 100644 --- a/src/lab/exp1/Quizzes.html +++ b/src/lab/exp1/Quizzes.html @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ + @@ -7,313 +8,533 @@ - + Welcome to Virtual Labs - A MHRD Govt of india Initiative - - - - + + + + - - - - - + + + + + - - + + + -
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Expression Evaluation

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  1. Evaluate 2*3+5%3.
    2. -1
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  2. Evaluate (2*(3+5))%3.
    3. -1
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  3. The order of evaluation of the operators in (2*(3+5))%3 is:
    4. -+, *, %
    -*, +, %
    -%, *, +
    -+, %, *
    -
    -
  4. The order of evaluation of the operators in 2*(3+5)%3 is:
    5. -+, *, %
    -*, +, %
    -%, *, +
    -+, %, *
    -
    -Assume x=8.8, y=3.5 and z= -5.2 and m=4 for the following questions

    -
  5. Calculate x%y
    6. -1.8
    -3.5
    -0.8
    -7
    -
  6. Calculate x%m
    7. -8
    -4
    -1.8
    -0.8
    -
  7. Calculate 7/m
    8. -0
    -1
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    -3
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  8. Calculate 2*x/(3*y)
    9. -1.67
    -2
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    -1.5
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  9. Calculate 2*x/3*y
    10. -5.86
    -20.51
    -1.67
    -1
    -
    -Assume a=5, b=0 and c=-2 for the following questions

    -
  10. Calculate (a |b )>c
    11. -0
    -1
    -5
    --2
    -
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  11. Calculate (a&c)*b%2
    12. -0
    -2
    -5
    -1
    -
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  12. Calculate b++>c
    13. -0
    -1
    --2
    --1
    -
  13. Calculate a>((a-2==3)?1:0)
    14. -0
    -1
    -2
    -3
    -
    -Assume a='E' , b='5' and c='?' are char type variables for the following questions

    -
  14. Calculate b-2
    15. -'C'
    -'A'
    -'c'
    -'a'
    -
    -
  15. Calculate b+c
    16. -'t'
    -'s'
    -'T'
    -'r'
    -
    -
  16. Calculate a%c
    17. -0
    -1
    -6
    -9
    -
    -
  17. Calculate a*3
    18. -0
    -1
    -207
    -69
    -
    -
  18. Calculate a*'3'
    19. -0
    -1
    -97
    -3519
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  1. For the function y=6, the value of area under the curve using the approximation method would be completely accurate.
    2. -a. True
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  2. Decreasing the length of the interval will imporve tha accuracy of the approximation.
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  1. For the function y=6, the value of area under the curve using the approximation method would be completely accurate.
    2. + a. True
    + b. False
    +
    +
  2. Decreasing the length of the interval will imporve tha accuracy of the approximation.
    3. + a. True
    + b. False
    +
    +
  3. Increasing the value of the variable width will :
    4. + 
     main(){
 	int a , b , width , i;
 	double sum ;
@@ -123,118 +170,139 @@ 
    Numerical Approximation
    
-a. Improve the approximation
    
-b. Will not have any affect
    
-c. Make the approximation worse
    
-d. May improve or make worse depending on the interval
    
-
    
-
  4.  An approximate solution may be as good as the accurate solution for  purposes.


    5. 
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Total number of correct answers : ".$total."/4"; +echo '
Total number of correct answers : '.$total.'/4'; echo '

Correct Answers


@@ -61,10 +60,7 @@ Make the approximation worse

-
  • An approximate solution may be as good as the accurate solution for purposes.


    • - - - -'; -echo ""; -?> +
  • An approximate solution may be as good as the accurate solution for "practical" purposes.


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      -c. "&"
      -d. ">"
      -
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    2. All the functionality of a union can be performed by a structure?
      3. -a. True
      -b. False
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      4. -a. True
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      5. -a. True
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      -
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    5. What will be the ouptut of the following function call: fun4(4,3); where fun4 is defined as:
      6. -

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      +
    1. Which operator is used to access a member of a structure:
      2. + a. "."
      + b. "*"
      + c. "&"
      + d. ">"
      +
      +
    2. All the functionality of a union can be performed by a structure?
      3. + a. True
      + b. False
      +
      +
    3. A structure can be defined inside a structure
      4. + a. True
      + b. False
      +
      +
    4. Default values can be given to the members of the structure :
      5. + a. True
      + b. False
      +
      +
    5. What will be the ouptut of the following function call: fun4(4,3); where fun4 is defined as:
      6. + 

       		typedef struct S
 		{
                		int x;
@@ -145,136 +191,188 @@ 
      Structures
      
-a. 10 60
      
-b. 20 60
      
-c. 40 50
      
-d. 80 30
      
-
      
-
    6. Arrays can be a part of the structure?  
      7. 
-a. True
      
-b. False
      
-
      
-
    7. One can define an array of structure variables? 
      8. 
-a. True
      
-b. False
      
-
      
-
    8. The following structure declaration is correct?  
      9. 
-
      +                                        a. 10 60
      
+                                        b. 20 60
      
+                                        c. 40 50
      
+                                        d. 80 30
      
+                                        
      
+                                        
    9. Arrays can be a part of the structure?  
      10. 
+                                        a. True
      
+                                        b. False
      
+                                        
      
+                                        
    10. One can define an array of structure variables? 
      11. 
+                                        a. True
      
+                                        b. False
      
+                                        
      
+                                        
    11. The following structure declaration is correct?  
      12. 
+                                        
       		typedef struct X
 		{
 			int x;
 			int y=50;
 		}X;
 		
      
-a. True
      
-b. False
      
-
    12. A structure is a collection of variables under a  name .


      13. 
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    -Arrays are used to store large sets of data and manipulate them but the disadvantage is that all the elements stored in an array are to be of the same data type. When we need a collection of different data items of different data types, such as integer, float etc., we can use a structure. Structure can be seen as datatype composed of different datatypes. For example, suppose you want to store information about students enrolling in a university. Then, you may naturally want to store information like Student Name, Roll Number, Gender, Batch, etc. Ofcourse, you can create separate arrays for storing each of these quantities, but notice that for each student this diverse data is highly related. So, using a structre to pack these data entries into a single variables would be a good choice. In this case we can define the structure as, -

    -

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    + Arrays are used to store large sets of data and manipulate them but the disadvantage is that all the elements stored in an array are to be of the same data type. When we need a collection of different data items of different data types, such as integer, + float etc., we can use a structure. Structure can be seen as datatype composed of different datatypes. For example, suppose you want to store information about students enrolling in a university. Then, you may naturally + want to store information like Student Name, Roll Number, Gender, Batch, etc. Ofcourse, you can create separate arrays for storing each of these quantities, but notice that for each student this diverse data is highly related. + So, using a structre to pack these data entries into a single variables would be a good choice. In this case we can define the structure as, +

    + 

     
 struct student_record{
 char Name[100];
@@ -111,130 +161,134 @@ 
    Structures
    
+                            
    
+                                This definition will practically create a new datatype students_record having a 2 character arrays, one integer and one character. So, in the main function one can define variables of this new compound datatype as,
    
+                            
     student_record student1, student2;
 
    
-
    
-You can even define an array of structure variables like,
-
    
-
    +                            
    
+                                You can even define an array of structure variables like,
+                            
    
+                            
     students_record students[100];
 
    
-
    
-Now, the individual elements of a structure variable can be addressed by the dot(.) operator. For example, the variable student1 can initialized using the following statements:
    
-
    +                            
    
+                                Now, the individual elements of a structure variable can be addressed by the dot(.) operator. For example, the variable student1 can initialized using the following statements:
    
+                            
     strcpy(student1.Name,"Abc");
 student1.Roll=24;
 student1.gender='m';
 strcpy(student1.Stream,"Computer Science");
 
    
-
    
-An interesting thing to note is that the memory allocation for the whole structure is done contigously. So, size of one variable of type student_record is 100+4+1+100=205 bytes. And, if r1 and r2 are two variables of the structure struct_record, then writing r1=r2 is equivalent to copying the data in 205 bytes corresponding to r2 and copying them into r1.
-
    
-
    -
    -
    - - - - - -
    - -
    + +
    +

    Follow us

    + + + +
    + +
    + + + +
    + - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/lab/exp7/default.html b/src/lab/exp7/default.html index 686b44d..8732835 100644 --- a/src/lab/exp7/default.html +++ b/src/lab/exp7/default.html @@ -4,271 +4,230 @@ + + -
    +
    + - -
    - - + +
    - + Programming Lab +
    - - + - -
    - - - -
    - - Simple Pendulum - -
    + - - + + - -
    - - -
    - -
    - - -
    - - +
    + +
    + + +
    + + -
    - Introduction -
    +
    + Introduction +
    - -
    -

    - In this module, basic concepts of simple oscillator - are explained. Initially, an example of simple - pendulum is taken and the basic terminology i.e., - what is initial displacement, +

    +

    + In this module, basic concepts of simple oscillator are explained. Initially, an example of simple pendulum is taken and the basic terminology i.e., what is initial displacement, initial velocity,natural frequency - and time period are explained. - Each of these terms is illustrated by giving an - example, where user can enter his value and observe - the behavior of structure for his input. -

    - -

    - Simple harmonic oscillator consists of a + and time period are explained. Each of these terms is illustrated by giving an example, where user can enter his value and observe the behavior of structure for his input. +

    + +

    + Simple harmonic oscillator consists of a mass (m) hanging from a string of - length (l), fixed at a pivot point P. - When the mass is displaced from its mean - position by giving some initial displacement - (angle), oscillator starts swinging back and fourth - with periodic motion. -

    - - pendulum -
    - - -
    - - -
    - -
    - - -
    - - +
    + +
    + + +
    + + -
    - Theory -
    +
    + Theory +
    - -
    -

    - There are two solutions to \(ax^2 + bx + c = 0\) and - they are $$x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}.$$ - By applying Newton's second law for - rotational systems, the equation of motion for the - pendulum may be obtained. -

    - -

    - Where, τ = Torque ; I = - Moment of Inertia; α = - Angular Velocity. m is mass of the - oscillator, l is the length of the oscillator and theta is initial - displacement. The above equation can be rearranged as -

    - -

    - If the amplitude of - angular displacement is - small then we can use the approximation - (sinθ ≈ θ). - By considering the above approximation, the equation - of motion reduces to : -

    - -

    - The solution for equation of simple harmonic oscillator is -

    - -

    - where, θ(t) is the history of oscillation, - θ0 is the initial angle, - &omega=(g/l)1/2 is the - natural frequency of - the motion. -

    -
    -
    - - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Objective -
    - -
    -

    - Objective of simple harmonic oscillator experiment - is to understand the concept of time period +

    +

    + There are two solutions to \(ax^2 + bx + c = 0\) and they are $$x = {-b \pm \sqrt{b^2-4ac} \over 2a}.$$ By applying Newton's second law for rotational systems, the equation of motion for the pendulum may be obtained. +

    + +

    + Where, τ = Torque ; I = + Moment of Inertia; α = + Angular Velocity. m is mass of the oscillator, l is the length of the oscillator and theta is initial displacement. The above equation can be rearranged as +

    + +

    + If the amplitude of + angular displacement is small then we can use the approximation (sinθ ≈ θ). By considering the above approximation, the equation of motion reduces to : +

    + +

    + The solution for equation of simple harmonic oscillator is +

    + +

    + where, θ(t) is the history of oscillation, θ + 0 is the initial angle, &omega=(g/l) + 1/2 is the + natural frequency of the motion. +

    +
    +
    + + +
    + +
    + + +
    + +
    + Objective +
    + +
    +

    + Objective of simple harmonic oscillator experiment is to understand the concept of time period (natural frequency) in harmonic oscillations . -

    - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Experiment -
    - -
    -

    - -

    -
    - -
    - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Manual -
    - -
    -

    - Start the experiment with the default values of - length, mass and intial displacement (in angle). - Pause the experiment after few cycles and note - the observation. -

    - -

    Observation 1:

    -
      - -
    1. - Find the time period of the pendulum by noting the - time interval of any one complete cycle from the - response graph. -
      2. - -
    2. - You may note that this time period value is same - for any complete cycle. - Read More -
      3. - -
    - + +
    + +
    + Experiment +
    + +
    +

    + +

    +
    + +
    + +
    + +
    + + +
    + +
    + Manual +
    + +
    +

    + Start the experiment with the default values of length, mass and intial displacement (in angle). Pause the experiment after few cycles and note the observation. +

    + +

    Observation 1:

    +
      + +
    1. + Find the time period of the pendulum by noting the time interval of any one complete cycle from the response graph. +
      2. + +
    2. + You may note that this time period value is same for any complete cycle. + Read More +
      3. + +
    + -
    - -
    - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Quizzes -
    - -
    - -

    - - Q1. - Time taken for one complete oscillation - is called Time Period of the oscillator.
    - - True
    - - False

    - - Q2. - Time period of the oscillator is constant for - given values of mass, length and initial - conditions.
    - - True
    - - False

    - - Q3. - Value of Time period depends on initial - conditions.
    - - True
    - - False

    - - Q4. - Value of time period depends on mass.
    - - True
    - - False

    - - Q5. - Value of time period depends on length of the - oscillator.
    - - True
    - - False

    - -

    - -
    - -
    - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Procedure -
    - -
    -

    - Procedure for the experiment is as follows -

    -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - - -
    - -
    - Further Readings -
    - -
    -
    + +
    + +
    + + +
    + +
    + Procedure +
    + +
    +

    + Procedure for the experiment is as follows +

    +
    + +
    + + +
    + +
    + + +
    + +
    + Further Readings +
    + +
    + -
    + +
  • + “Dynamics of structures” by Anil K chopra. +
    • +
  • + http://surendranath.tripod.com/Applets/Oscillations/SHM/SHMApplet.html +
    • + +
    - + -
    +
    - - + - - + + - + - - + -
    + - + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/lab/exp7/table.html b/src/lab/exp7/table.html index aea3d61..aad2993 100644 --- a/src/lab/exp7/table.html +++ b/src/lab/exp7/table.html @@ -1,203 +1,198 @@ + -
    - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    OperatorDescriptionLevelAssociativity
    -[]
    - .
    -()
    -++
    - --- -    		 -access array element
    -access object member
    -invoke a method
    -post-increment
    -post-decrement -    		1left to right
    -++
    ---
    -+
    --
    -!
    -~ -    		 -pre-increment
    -pre-decrement
    -unary plus
    -unary minus
    -logical NOT
    -bitwise NOT -    		2right to left
    -()
    -new -    		 -cast
    -object creation -    		3right to left
    -*
    -/
    -% -    		 -multiplicative -4left to right
    -+ -
    -    		 -additive
    -    		5left to right
    -<< >>
    ->>> -    		 -shift -6left to right
    -
    +    
    
+        
+            
+                
+                
+
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+
+            
+
+            
+                
+
+                
+                
+                
+
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+
+            
+
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
-
-
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+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
+                
+
+                
+                
+            
+
+            
+                
-
+                
-
-
-
+                    assignment
+                
+                
+                
+            
 
-
    OperatorDescriptionLevelAssociativity
    
+                    []
    
+                     .
    
+                    ()
    
+                    ++
    
+
+                    --
+                    		
+                    access array element
     access object member
     invoke a method
     post-increment
+                    
     post-decrement
+                    		1left to right
    
+                    ++
    
+                    --
    
+                    +
    
+                    -
    
+                    !
    
+                    ~
+                    		
+                    pre-increment
     pre-decrement
+                    
     unary plus
     unary minus
     logical NOT
     bitwise NOT
+                    		2right to left
    
+                    ()
    
+                    new
+                    		
+                    cast
     object creation
+                    		3right to left
    
+                    *
    
+                    /
    
+                    %
+                    		
+                    multiplicative
+                4left to right
    
+                    + -
    
+                    		
+                    additive
    
+                    		5left to right
    
+                    << >>
    
+                    >>>
+                    		
+                    shift
+                6left to right
    
+                    
     <  <=
 >  >=
 
    
-    		
-relational
    
-
-    		7left to right
    
-==
    
-!=
-    		
-equality
-
-8left to right
    &bitwise AND9left to right
    ^bitwise XOR10left to right
    |bitwise OR11left to right
    &&conditional AND12left to right
    ||conditional OR13left to right
    ?:conditional14right to left
    
-
    +                
    		
+                    relational
    
+
+                    		7left to right
    
+                    ==
    
+                    !=
+                    		
+                    equality
+
+                8left to right
    &bitwise AND9left to right
    ^bitwise XOR10left to right
    |bitwise OR11left to right
    &&conditional AND12left to right
    ||conditional OR13left to right
    ?:conditional14right to left
    
+                    
       =   +=   -=
  *=   /=   %=
  &=   ^=   |=
 <<=  >>= >>>=
 
    
-    		
+                
 
-assignment
-15right to left
    15right to left
     
    
-
+
    +
    + + \ No newline at end of file