diff --git a/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLEngineHelper.java b/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLEngineHelper.java
index f9dbd780..6acc3123 100644
--- a/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLEngineHelper.java
+++ b/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLEngineHelper.java
@@ -1349,6 +1349,11 @@ private void initHandshakeInternal(SSLSocket socket, SSLEngine engine)
             else {
                 this.session.setSessionContext(authStore.getServerContext());
                 this.session.setSide(WolfSSL.WOLFSSL_SERVER_END);
+                /* Track client auth state for getPeerCertificates() */
+                boolean clientAuthRequested =
+                    this.params.getNeedClientAuth() ||
+                    this.params.getWantClientAuth();
+                this.session.setClientAuthRequested(clientAuthRequested);
             }
 
             if (this.sessionCreation == false && !this.session.isFromTable) {
diff --git a/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLImplementSSLSession.java b/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLImplementSSLSession.java
index 419afe29..383cbaa3 100644
--- a/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLImplementSSLSession.java
+++ b/src/java/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/WolfSSLImplementSSLSession.java
@@ -73,6 +73,9 @@ public class WolfSSLImplementSSLSession extends ExtendedSSLSession {
     byte[] pseudoSessionID = null; /* used with TLS 1.3*/
     private int side = 0;
 
+    /* Track if client auth was requested, for getPeerCertificates() behavior */
+    private volatile boolean clientAuthRequested = false;
+
     /* Cache peer certificates after received. Applications assume that
      * SSLSocket.getSession().getPeerCertificates() will return the peer
      * certificate even on a resumed connection where the cert has not been
@@ -260,6 +263,7 @@ public WolfSSLImplementSSLSession (WolfSSLImplementSSLSession orig) {
             this.pseudoSessionID = orig.pseudoSessionID.clone();
         }
         this.side = orig.side;
+        this.clientAuthRequested = orig.clientAuthRequested;
         if (orig.peerCerts != null) {
             this.peerCerts = orig.peerCerts.clone();
         }
@@ -519,6 +523,15 @@ public synchronized Certificate[] getPeerCertificates()
                 "SSLSocket/Engine closed");
         }
 
+        /* Throw if server side with no client auth requested */
+        if (this.side == WolfSSL.WOLFSSL_SERVER_END &&
+            !this.clientAuthRequested) {
+            WolfSSLDebug.log(getClass(), WolfSSLDebug.INFO,
+                () -> "Server side, no client auth, throwing exception");
+            throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException(
+                "peer not authenticated (no client auth requested)");
+        }
+
         try {
             x509 = this.ssl.getPeerCertificate();
         } catch (IllegalStateException | WolfSSLJNIException ex) {
@@ -605,8 +618,8 @@ public Certificate[] getLocalCertificates() {
     }
 
     @Override
-    public synchronized javax.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getPeerCertificateChain()
-        throws SSLPeerUnverifiedException {
+    public synchronized javax.security.cert.X509Certificate[]
+        getPeerCertificateChain() throws SSLPeerUnverifiedException {
 
         long peerX509 = 0;
         WolfSSLX509X x509;
@@ -615,10 +628,17 @@ public synchronized javax.security.cert.X509Certificate[] getPeerCertificateChai
             throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException("handshake not done");
         }
 
+        /* Throw if server side with no client auth requested */
+        if (this.side == WolfSSL.WOLFSSL_SERVER_END &&
+            !this.clientAuthRequested) {
+            throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException(
+                "peer not authenticated (no client auth requested)");
+        }
+
         try {
             peerX509 = this.ssl.getPeerCertificate();
             if (peerX509 == 0) {
-                return null;
+                throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException("No peer certificate");
             }
 
             /* wolfSSL starting with 5.3.0 returns a new WOLFSSL_X509
@@ -657,10 +677,17 @@ public synchronized Principal getPeerPrincipal()
             throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException("handshake not done");
         }
 
+        /* Throw if server side with no client auth requested */
+        if (this.side == WolfSSL.WOLFSSL_SERVER_END &&
+            !this.clientAuthRequested) {
+            throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException(
+                "peer not authenticated (no client auth requested)");
+        }
+
         try {
             peerX509 = this.ssl.getPeerCertificate();
             if (peerX509 == 0) {
-                return null;
+                throw new SSLPeerUnverifiedException("No peer certificate");
             }
 
             /* wolfSSL starting with 5.3.0 returns a new WOLFSSL_X509
@@ -1039,6 +1066,16 @@ protected int getSide() {
         return this.side;
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Set whether client auth was requested.
+     * Used for getPeerCertificates() behavior.
+     *
+     * @param requested true if client auth was requested, false otherwise
+     */
+    protected void setClientAuthRequested(boolean requested) {
+        this.clientAuthRequested = requested;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Return the side session is on (server/client) as a String
      * @return "client" or "server" representing the side of this session
diff --git a/src/test/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/test/WolfSSLEngineTest.java b/src/test/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/test/WolfSSLEngineTest.java
index 5d93631b..1bf5525a 100644
--- a/src/test/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/test/WolfSSLEngineTest.java
+++ b/src/test/com/wolfssl/provider/jsse/test/WolfSSLEngineTest.java
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngineResult;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLEngineResult.HandshakeStatus;
 import javax.net.ssl.SSLException;
+import javax.net.ssl.SSLPeerUnverifiedException;
 import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
@@ -2494,5 +2495,54 @@ private ByteBuffer enlargeBuffer(ByteBuffer buffer, int size) {
         bb.put(buffer);
         return bb;
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Verify getPeerCertificateChain() throws SSLPeerUnverifiedException
+     * when no client auth requested, matching SunJSSE/Netty expectations.
+     */
+    @Test
+    public void testGetPeerCertificateChainNoClientAuth() throws Exception {
+
+        System.out.print("\tgetPeerCertChain no client auth");
+
+        String protocol = null;
+        for (String p : enabledProtocols) {
+            if (!p.equals("TLS") && !p.contains("DTLS")) {
+                protocol = p;
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if (protocol == null) {
+            pass("\t... skipped");
+            return;
+        }
+
+        SSLContext ctx = tf.createSSLContext(protocol, engineProvider);
+
+        SSLEngine server = ctx.createSSLEngine();
+        SSLEngine client = ctx.createSSLEngine("localhost", 11111);
+
+        server.setUseClientMode(false);
+        server.setNeedClientAuth(false);
+        server.setWantClientAuth(false);
+        client.setUseClientMode(true);
+
+        tf.testConnection(server, client, null, null, "No client auth test");
+
+        SSLSession serverSession = server.getSession();
+
+        try {
+            javax.security.cert.X509Certificate[] certs =
+                serverSession.getPeerCertificateChain();
+            error("\t... failed");
+            fail("Expected SSLPeerUnverifiedException, got " +
+                 (certs == null ? "null" : "certs"));
+        } catch (SSLPeerUnverifiedException e) {
+            /* Expected */
+        }
+
+        pass("\t... passed");
+    }
 }