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WalkthroughThis update introduces a comprehensive refactor and expansion of containerization and Kubernetes deployment resources for a banking application. The Dockerfile and docker-compose.yml are modernized for efficiency and clarity, including updated base images, environment variable handling, and port mappings. A full Kubernetes deployment suite is added, featuring Namespaces, Deployments, StatefulSets, Services (including headless services), PersistentVolumes, PersistentVolumeClaims, ConfigMaps, and Secrets. The manifests are standardized, with resource names and namespaces unified under "bank." Several legacy or redundant Kubernetes resources (such as Ingress, HPA, and ClusterIssuer) are removed, and configuration is streamlined for local and production-like environments. Changes
Sequence Diagram(s)sequenceDiagram
participant User
participant Browser
participant Bank Service (Pod)
participant MySQL (StatefulSet Pod)
participant Kubernetes Cluster
User->>Browser: Access NodePort 30080/30081
Browser->>Kubernetes Cluster: Route request to bank-svc
Kubernetes Cluster->>Bank Service (Pod): Forward to port 8081
Bank Service (Pod)->>MySQL (StatefulSet Pod): Connect via JDBC using env from ConfigMap/Secret
MySQL (StatefulSet Pod)-->>Bank Service (Pod): Respond with data
Bank Service (Pod)-->>Browser: Return response
Browser-->>User: Display result
Poem
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Actionable comments posted: 20
♻️ Duplicate comments (3)
kubernetes/bankapp-namespace.yaml (1)
1-4: Duplicate Namespace definition detected
This file declares thebankNamespace that already exists inkube/Namespace.yml. To avoid duplication and potential inconsistencies, consolidate to a single Namespace manifest.kubernetes/persistentvolumeclaim.yml (1)
1-14: Duplicate resource: mysql-pvc.As highlighted in
kubernetes/persistent-volume-claim.yaml, this PVC duplicates the MySQL storage claim. Remove or merge this manifest to avoid resource conflicts.kube/persistentvolumeclaim.yml (1)
1-14: Duplicate resource in different directory.This
mysql-pvcin thekube/folder duplicates the PVC defined underkubernetes/. Consolidate resources into one location and remove the redundant manifest to maintain clarity.
🧹 Nitpick comments (19)
kube/secret.yml (1)
1-2: Align field ordering for consistency
Unlike other manifests in this PR (e.g.,kube/config.yml), this file placesapiVersionbeforekind. Consider reordering tokind→apiVersionfor uniformity:-apiVersion: v1 -kind: Secret +kind: Secret +apiVersion: v1kubernetes/secrets.yaml (2)
2-7: Ensure consistent manifest ordering
Inkube/secret.yml,apiVersionprecedeskind, whereas here it’s reversed. Standardize the ordering ofkindandapiVersionacross all YAML files for readability.
11-11: Remove trailing whitespace
The blank line at the end contains trailing spaces, which may trigger lint errors. Please trim them.🧰 Tools
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
[error] 11-11: trailing spaces
(trailing-spaces)
Dockerfile (1)
7-12: Optional: use ENTRYPOINT for Java runtime.
UsingENTRYPOINTinstead ofCMDimproves signal handling and allows argument overrides more cleanly:- CMD ["java","-jar","/app/target/bank.jar"] + ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/app/target/bank.jar"]kubernetes/persistentvolume.yml (1)
14-15: Consider storage best practices.
Using ahostPathties the PV to the node’s local filesystem, which isn’t portable or durable across nodes. For production, evaluate a network-backed solution (e.g., NFS, a CSI driver) or a dynamic provisioning StorageClass.kubernetes/bankapp-service.yaml (1)
10-14: Evaluate service exposure method.Using
type: NodePort(nodePort: 30080) may work for testing, but for production consider a LoadBalancer or Ingress to control external access, simplify traffic routing, and improve security.kubernetes/persistent-volume.yaml (1)
4-5: Remove unsupported namespace and specify reclaim policy
Like other PVs,metadata.namespaceis ignored for PersistentVolumes—please remove it. Explicitly declare apersistentVolumeReclaimPolicyto avoid relying on cluster defaults.Example:
metadata: name: bank-pv - namespace: bank spec: + persistentVolumeReclaimPolicy: Retain capacity: storage: 5Gi accessModes: - ReadWriteOnce storageClassName: standard hostPath: path: "/mnt/data"kube/mysql-deployment.yml (3)
21-38: Add health probes for the MySQL container.
DefiningreadinessProbeandlivenessProbe(for example, usingexec: ["mysqladmin","ping","-h","localhost"]) helps Kubernetes detect when the database is ready or needs restarting, improving overall reliability.
39-49: SpecifystorageClassNameand resource limits for the PVC.
To align with best practices and support different storage backends, explicitly set astorageClassNameon thevolumeClaimTemplates. Also consider documenting or enforcing resource requests/limits to prevent unbounded storage claims.
9-13: Consider adding a PodDisruptionBudget for the StatefulSet.
A PDB ensures at least one replica of the MySQL StatefulSet remains available during voluntary disruptions, improving cluster stability during upgrades or maintenance.kubernetes/mysql-service.yaml (1)
13-15: Fix YAML indentation and remove trailing spaces.
Line 13 (- protocol: TCP) is indented by 3 spaces instead of 4, and there are trailing spaces at the selector value. Align to 2 spaces underports:and remove extra whitespace.spec: ports: - - protocol: TCP + - protocol: TCP🧰 Tools
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
[warning] 13-13: wrong indentation: expected 4 but found 3
(indentation)
kube/bank-deployement.yml (1)
6-7: Consider a more descriptive label.
The labelapp: appis very generic and deviates from other manifests that useapp: bankapp. Standardizing toapp: bankappwill improve selector clarity and consistency across thebanknamespace.kubernetes/bank-deployement.yml (1)
6-7: Align labels with convention.
This manifest usesapp: appwhereas other resources rely onapp: bankapp. Harmonizing labels ensures Services and selectors correctly match your pods.docker-compose.yml (1)
19-19: Use lowercase container names.
Docker container names must conform to DNS-1123 (lowercase). Change"Bankapp"tobankappto avoid startup errors.kubernetes/bankapp-deployment.yml (5)
2-2: YAML key ordering is unconventional.
Kubernetes community style usually listsapiVersionbeforekind. While not strictly required, swapping lines 1–2 improves readability.
4-5: Align resource name with filename.
The manifest is namedbankapp-deployment.ymlbut itsmetadata.nameisbank-deployment. Either rename the resource tobankapp-deploymentor update the filename to match for clarity.
19-20: Standardize container naming & versioning.
This container is namedbank-podhere but isbank-contelsewhere. Also avoid:latestonswayamnakshane/mybank; pin a specific tag (e.g.,:v1.0.0) for repeatable deployments.
23-23: Remove trailing whitespace.
Trailing spaces on these lines can break YAML parsing and clutter diffs. Please trim them.Also applies to: 49-50, 55-55, 57-58
🧰 Tools
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
[error] 23-23: trailing spaces
(trailing-spaces)
45-60: Review commented-out health probes.
The readiness/liveness sections are fully commented and inconsistently indented. Either remove these placeholders or enable properly formatted probes to improve pod resilience.🧰 Tools
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
[error] 49-49: trailing spaces
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[error] 50-50: trailing spaces
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[error] 55-55: trailing spaces
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[error] 57-57: trailing spaces
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[error] 58-58: trailing spaces
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📒 Files selected for processing (33)
Dockerfile(1 hunks)docker-compose.yml(1 hunks)kube/Namespace.yml(1 hunks)kube/bank-deployement.yml(1 hunks)kube/bank-service.yml(1 hunks)kube/config.yml(1 hunks)kube/configmap.yml(1 hunks)kube/mysql-deployment.yml(1 hunks)kube/mysql-service.yml(1 hunks)kube/persistentvolume.yml(1 hunks)kube/persistentvolumeclaim.yml(1 hunks)kube/secret.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/Namespace.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/bank-deployement.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/bank-service.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/bankapp-deployment.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/bankapp-hpa.yml(0 hunks)kubernetes/bankapp-ingress.yml(0 hunks)kubernetes/bankapp-namespace.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/bankapp-service.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/config.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/configmap.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/configmap.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/letsencrypt-clusterissuer.yaml(0 hunks)kubernetes/mysql-deployment.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/mysql-service.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/mysql-service.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/persistent-volume-claim.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/persistent-volume.yaml(1 hunks)kubernetes/persistentvolume.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/persistentvolumeclaim.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/secret.yml(1 hunks)kubernetes/secrets.yaml(1 hunks)
💤 Files with no reviewable changes (3)
- kubernetes/bankapp-hpa.yml
- kubernetes/letsencrypt-clusterissuer.yaml
- kubernetes/bankapp-ingress.yml
🧰 Additional context used
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
kubernetes/mysql-service.yaml
[error] 11-11: trailing spaces
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[warning] 13-13: wrong indentation: expected 4 but found 3
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kubernetes/secrets.yaml
[error] 11-11: trailing spaces
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kubernetes/bankapp-deployment.yml
[warning] 22-22: wrong indentation: expected 8 but found 10
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[error] 23-23: trailing spaces
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[error] 49-49: trailing spaces
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[error] 50-50: trailing spaces
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[error] 55-55: trailing spaces
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[error] 57-57: trailing spaces
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🔇 Additional comments (14)
kube/config.yml (2)
1-2: Validate cluster resource definition.
Thekind: ClusterandapiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4fields adhere to Kind's configuration schema.
3-9: Verify Kind node image version compatibility.
Confirm that your localkindCLI supportskindest/node:v1.31.2. Mismatches between the node image version and the installedkindversion may lead to cluster creation errors.Dockerfile (1)
1-6: Update to Maven builder stage approved.
Switching tomaven:3.9.6-eclipse-temurin-17-alpine, standardizingWORKDIR /app, and simplifying the copy directive keeps the build lean and efficient.kubernetes/Namespace.yml (1)
1-5: Namespace definition looks good.
ThebankNamespace is correctly declared and will scope your resources consistently.kubernetes/config.yml (1)
1-9: Kind cluster configuration is valid.
Defines one control-plane and two worker nodes for local testing using kind v1.31.2. No issues detected.kubernetes/secret.yml (1)
3-6:Details
✅ Verification successful
Verify that the
bank-secretis consumed by all workloads.Ensure every Deployment and StatefulSet in the
banknamespace references this secret (viasecretKeyReforenvFrom) so pods receive the correct credentials. You can run:
🏁 Script executed:
#!/usr/bin/env bash # Search for references to the secret rg "bank-secret" -n . rg "secretKeyRef" -n .Length of output: 996
bank-secret consumption verified across all workloads
Thebank-secretis referenced viasecretKeyReforenvFromin every Deployment and StatefulSet:• kube/mysql-deployment.yml (line 27–28)
• kube/bank-deployement.yml (line 36–37)
• kubernetes/mysql-deployment.yml (line 27–28)
• kubernetes/bankapp-deployment.yml (line 28–29)
• helm/bankapp/templates/mysqlStatefulSet.yml (line 27)
• helm/bankapp/templates/deployment.yml (line 40)All workloads in the
banknamespace consume thebank-secret. No further changes required.kubernetes/bankapp-service.yaml (1)
8-9: Ensure service selector matches deployment labels.The Service targets pods with
app: bankapp. Please verify that your Deployment manifests use exactly the sameapp: bankapplabel so traffic is routed correctly.kube/mysql-service.yml (1)
1-17: Headless service definition looks correct.
TheclusterIP: Noneconfiguration and selectorapp: bankappalign with the StatefulSet. This headless Service will provide stable network identities for the MySQL pods.kube/configmap.yml (1)
1-9: ConfigMap correctly centralizes database configuration.
KeysMYSQL_DATABASE,SPRING_DATASOURCE_USERNAME, andSPRING_DATASOURCE_URLare properly scoped to thebanknamespace, and this resource follows best practices for separating configuration from code.kubernetes/mysql-service.yml (1)
1-17: Service specification is correct once deduplicated.
Assuming consolidation and proper selectors, theclusterIP: Noneheadless Service will provide stable DNS entries for each StatefulSet pod.kube/bank-deployement.yml (1)
19-23: Environment variable sourcing is correctly configured.
TheSPRING_DATASOURCE_*variables are appropriately loaded from thebank-configmapandbank-secret, following best practices for dynamic configuration and secret management.kubernetes/bank-deployement.yml (2)
1-7: Consolidate duplicate manifests.
You have two near-identical deployment files (kube/bank-deployement.ymlandkubernetes/bank-deployement.yml). Consider merging them into a single manifest to prevent configuration drift.
19-23: Configuration references look good.
The container environment correctly pulls credentials frombank-configmapandbank-secret, securing sensitive data and enabling flexible configuration.kubernetes/mysql-deployment.yml (1)
39-49: ConfirmvolumeClaimTemplatesplacement.
Ensure thevolumeClaimTemplatessection is correctly indented underspecof the StatefulSet. Misaligned templates can prevent your persistent volumes from provisioning.
| kind: Namespace | ||
| apiVersion: v1 | ||
| metadata: | ||
| name: bank |
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Consolidate duplicate Namespace manifests
It looks like the bank Namespace is defined here and also in kubernetes/bankapp-namespace.yaml. Maintaining two separate definitions can lead to drift and confusion—please consolidate into a single manifest.
| data: | ||
| MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= | ||
| SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= |
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Avoid committing plaintext credentials
Storing base64-encoded passwords (Test@123) directly in version control poses a security risk. Consider using a sealed Secret (e.g., SealedSecret), an external vault, or Git-encrypted secrets to manage sensitive data.
| kind: Secret | ||
| apiVersion: v1 | ||
| metadata: | ||
| name: mysql-secret | ||
| namespace: bankapp-namespace | ||
| type: Opaque | ||
| name: bank-secret | ||
| namespace: bank | ||
|
|
||
| type: opaque | ||
| data: | ||
| MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= # Base64 for "Test@123" | ||
| SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= # Base64 for "Test@123" | ||
| MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= | ||
| SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD: VGVzdEAxMjM= |
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Consolidate duplicate Secret manifests
The bank-secret is defined in both kube/secret.yml and this file. Managing parallel secret manifests increases the risk of drift. Please converge to a single location for secret definitions.
| - protocol: TCP | ||
| targetPort: 8080 | ||
| port: 8081 | ||
| nodePort: 30080 |
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Critical: Service targetPort mismatch with container port.
Your Service maps nodePort: 30080 and port: 8081 to targetPort: 8080, but the application listens on 8081 (per your Dockerfile). This mismatch will break traffic routing.
Apply this diff to correct it:
spec:
type: NodePort
selector:
app: app
ports:
- protocol: TCP
- targetPort: 8080
+ targetPort: 8081
port: 8081
nodePort: 30080📝 Committable suggestion
‼️ IMPORTANT
Carefully review the code before committing. Ensure that it accurately replaces the highlighted code, contains no missing lines, and has no issues with indentation. Thoroughly test & benchmark the code to ensure it meets the requirements.
| - protocol: TCP | |
| targetPort: 8080 | |
| port: 8081 | |
| nodePort: 30080 | |
| spec: | |
| type: NodePort | |
| selector: | |
| app: app | |
| ports: | |
| - protocol: TCP | |
| targetPort: 8081 | |
| port: 8081 | |
| nodePort: 30080 |
| name: mysql-pv | ||
| namespace: bank | ||
| labels: | ||
| app: bankapp |
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Remove namespace from PersistentVolume.
PersistentVolumes are cluster-scoped — specifying a namespace will cause the manifest to be rejected.
Apply this diff:
metadata:
name: mysql-pv
- namespace: bank
labels:
app: bankapp| @@ -4,43 +4,34 @@ services: | |||
| image: mysql:latest | |||
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🛠️ Refactor suggestion
Pin Docker image versions for stability.
Using mysql:latest and bankapp:latest may introduce breaking changes when upstream images update. Specify exact tags (e.g., mysql:8.0.33, bankapp:1.2.0) to ensure reproducible builds.
Also applies to: 18-18
| MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: Test@123 | ||
| MYSQL_DATABASE: bankappdb | ||
| ports: |
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Quote environment variable values.
Unquoted strings containing special characters (like @ in passwords or ? and & in URLs) can be misinterpreted by YAML parsers. For example:
MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: "Test@123"
SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL: "jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/bankappdb?useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC"| SPRING_DATASOURCE_URL: jdbc:mysql://mysql:3306/bankappdb?useSSL=false&allowPublicKeyRetrieval=true&serverTimezone=UTC | ||
| SPRING_DATASOURCE_PASSWORD: Test@123 |
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Ensure port mapping matches the app’s exposed port.
The application now listens on port 8081 (per your Dockerfile and Kubernetes manifests), but this maps "8080:8080". Update to:
- - "8080:8080"
+ - "8081:8081"Committable suggestion skipped: line range outside the PR's diff.
| containers: | ||
| - name: mysql | ||
| image: mysql:8.0 # Use a specific, stable version for production | ||
| image: mysql:latest |
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🛠️ Refactor suggestion
Avoid floating latest image tags.
Referencing mysql:latest in a StatefulSet can lead to unpredictable upgrades. Pin to a specific, tested version (e.g., mysql:8.0.33) for consistency across environments.
| image: swayamnakshane/mybank:latest | ||
| ports: | ||
| - containerPort: 8080 | ||
| - containerPort: 8080 |
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Fix ports indentation and port value.
Line 22 is misindented and declares containerPort: 8080, conflicting with other manifests that expose port 8081. Adjust indentation (8 spaces under containers:) and change to 8081.
🧰 Tools
🪛 YAMLlint (1.35.1)
[warning] 22-22: wrong indentation: expected 8 but found 10
(indentation)
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Summary by CodeRabbit
New Features
Improvements
Removals