Cryo Box

A modular and easy to mount case containing multiple sensor and other electronics has been designed. This devices relay the information to the user and show the data with the help of intelligible and eye pleasing graphs. Alerts the user when any abnormality is detected in the storage unit.
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Table of contents

• About our Project
• Requirements
• Installation
• Setting up the Project
• Usage

About our Project

More than 1.3 billion tons of food are being wasted all around the globe, one of the major reasons being the inability to store the perishable goods in proper condition. Previous cold supply chain monitoring solutions remain limited to gauging only two environmental parameters i.e temperature and relative humidity, ignoring other important environmental parameters. Hence we have come up with a intuitive solution.

Our Arrangement presents a Real-Time Intelligent Monitoring and Notification system that keeps money on an Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled approach for real-time observing of temperature, relative mugginess, glow, and concentration of gas in cold capacity and informs the faculty on surpassing unsafe limits of these parameters. The information related to these parameters can then be relayed to the user with the help of a beautifully visualized graph via GSM. A 3D printed model has been designed to enclose the development board and the sensors, providing a safe enclosure to mount all the electronics.

Working on the Project

Esp32 gets the data from the GPS module and different sensors (dht11, LDR, mq02) via the GPIO pins. This data can also be seen on the two Oled displays connected to the Esp32. Esp32 communicates with the software side with the help of HTTP protocol. Wifi or GSM is used to relay the data. On the software side, the graphs have been designed with the help of graphana which relies on the times series data provided by Prometheus. Fast API and Redis-server are used to relay the data from the esp32 to the Prometheus via HTTP protocol. Alerts the user by showing a popup error message when an abnormality is detected.

Future Aspects

Storing the data locally on a database that is time series based or not. Adding ML and adjusting its weights to detect the abnormality in the cold storage place more accurately and precisely. Shifting to MQTT instead of HTTP. Alerting the user via SMS or other messaging apps.

Tech Stack used

This is an IoT enables risk monitoring system in cold supply chain. In this project we have used multiple Tech. stacks like:

• Django
• Grafana
• Fusion 360
• Prometheus
• C++
• Python
• Arduino IDE

Furthermore we have used multiple sensors to detect the conditions of the cold storage like:

• Temperature(DHT11)
• Humidity(DHT11)
• Harmful Gases(MQ135)
• Luminosity(LDR)
• GPS Module

We even used GSM Module to use mobile network to transmit the data extracted by the sensors and upload it to grafana.

Requirements

• Grafana
• Prometheus
• Redis
• Fast-API
• Arduino IDE
• Uvicorn

Installation

• Installing python dependencies

pip3 install -t requirements.txt

• Installing redis-server

sudo apt install redis-server

• Installing Grafana

sudo apt-get install -y apt-transport-https
sudo apt-get install -y software-properties-common wget
wget -q -O - https://packages.grafana.com/gpg.key | sudo apt-key add -
echo "deb https://packages.grafana.com/oss/deb stable main" | sudo tee -a /etc/apt/sources.list.d/grafana.list
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install grafana

Starting the Grafana-server

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start grafana-server
sudo systemctl status grafana-server
sudo systemctl enable grafana-server.service

(last line configures it to run at boot)

Now you can head over to http://localhost:3000/login (the default username and password is 'admin')

• Installing Prometheus

sudo apt update && sudo apt install wget -y
sudo useradd --system --no-create-home --shell /usr/sbin/nologin prometheus

cd ~/downloads
wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.28.0/prometheus-2.28.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xvzf prometheus-2.28.0.linux-amd64.tar.gz
sudo mv -v prometheus-2.28.0.linux-amd64 /opt/prometheus
sudo chown -Rfv root:root /opt/prometheus
sudo chmod -Rfv 0755 /opt/prometheus
sudo mkdir -v /opt/prometheus/data
sudo chown -Rfv prometheus:prometheus /opt/prometheus/data
sudo nano /etc/systemd/system/prometheus.service

Now paste the code given below.

[Unit]
Description=Monitoring system and time series database

[Service]
Restart=always
User=prometheus
ExecStart=/opt/prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/opt/prometheus/data
ExecReload=/bin/kill -HUP $MAINPID
TimeoutStopSec=20s
SendSIGKILL=no
LimitNOFILE=8192

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

Press ctrl+o and then press the Enter key, followed by ctrl+x.

Starting the Prometheus-server

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
sudo systemctl start prometheus.service
sudo systemctl enable prometheus.service

(last line configures it to run at boot).

Prometheus is now Installed, navigate to the URL http://localhost:9090/targets from your favorite web browser and all the targets that you’ve configured should be displayed. You should be able to see that the prometheus target is in the UP state.

Adding custom-exporter port to prometheus

sudo /opt/prometheus/prometheus.yml

Create a new target by pasting this under 'static_configs:'

targets: [localhost:8085]

note(restart the prometheus service after adding the above lines to the yml file)

Installing Arduino IDE

You can easily install Arduio IDE through the Ubuntu software store or download the tar file through https://www.arduino.cc/en/software.

tar -xvf <package_name> #i.e arduino-1.6.10-linux64.tar.xz>
cd <directory_name> #i.e arduino-1.6.10>
./install.sh
ls -l /dev/ttyACM*
sudo usermod -a -G dialout <username>

Usage

Check status of redis-server, prometheus and grafana by typing

sudo systemctl status <service_name>

At first you are required to manually set values in redis with the help of redis-cli, you can do that by

redis-cli
set <variable_name> <value>

If any service is not active you can start it by typing

sudo systemctl start <service_name>

(you can exit the code by pressing q) (similarly start can be replaced by stop to disable the active service)

Using esp32 with Arduino IDE

• Make the circuit given below using the sensors, esp32, breadboard and jumper wires

• Install arduino ide and add esp32 to the ide by adding the given url to File > Preferences > setings > Additional Boards Manager Urls

https://dl.espressif.com/dl/package_esp32_index.json, http://arduino.esp8266.com/stable/package_esp8266com_index.json

• Open the Boards Manager. Go to Tools > Board > Boards Manager...

• Search for esp32 and press install

• Now choose esp32 dev module in Tools > Board > esp32 Arduino

• Search and install DHT sensor library and Wifi library from Tools > Manage Libraries

• Open the esp32 file from your directory (or ctrl+O)

• Change ssid and password as per your Wifi.

• Changing the server name in the esp32.ino file:

  • if on the same network:

ifconfig

type in https then inet ip followed by ':8000', example: "https:/192.168.0.1:8000"

• if different network you can do port forwarding with ngrok. type ngrok http -region in 8000 type in http forwarding link, example: "tcp://0.tcp.in.ngrok.io:18832"

  (note this ip will change everytime you run ngrok command so youll have to change the ino code.)

• Compile and upload the file on the esp32 module

Staring fast-api

• Open your terminal and go to the cloned directory, inside the grafana_site directory and run

uvicorn main:app --host 0.0.0.0 --reload

this will start the rest api server

Starting the prometheus node-exporter

python3 prom-exporter.py

• Open your web browser and head over to http://localhost:8085. You should be able to see some metrics being published over there by your prometheus exporter.

when you run the files at the first time you need to manually set value in redis, you can do that by

redis-cli
SET <your_metric_name> <value>

The metrics that you need to set here are: temperature, humidity, gas_analog, ldr (you can find these variables being defined in main.py and used in prom-exporter.py)

You can also check the whether the values are being published or not by

redis-cli
GET <your_metric_name>

(you can exit it by pressing using exit command)

Using Grafana

• Now you can log on to your grafana server, type in http://localhost:3000 in your browser. Both username and password would be 'admin'.

• Go to the explore panel (Compas icon on the left)

• Now select Metric Browser>Storage_sensor_total then select your metric/job.

• ~Voila you are done~

Samples