ci: Enable ThreadSanitizer (TSAN) in CI pipeline

[Rudra-Tiwari-codes]

Proposed changes

This PR enables the Thread Sanitizer (TSAN) in the CI pipeline for the linux_sanitizer_build_and_test job. Enabling TSAN helps identify data races and concurrency issues in the codebase automatically during PR checks, improving overall code reliability and thread safety.

Checklist

Put an x in the boxes that apply.

• [ x] I have read the CONTRIBUTING document
• [ x] I have run pre-commit run --all-files to format my code / installed pre-commit prior to committing changes
• [x ] I have added tests that prove my fix is effective or that my feature works
• [ x] I have updated the necessary documentation (if needed)