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  1. DepartmentTopThreeSalaries.sql:

    • Correctness: The solution correctly uses DENSE_RANK() to find the top 3 salaries in each department, which is the standard approach for this problem.
    • Time Complexity: O(n log n) due to the sorting required for the window function.
    • Space Complexity: O(n) for storing the intermediate result.
    • Code Quality: Well-structured and readable. The use of a CTE makes the query clear.
    • Efficiency: No obvious optimizations needed.
  2. ExchangeSeat.sql:

    • Correctness: The solution correctly swaps adjacent students using a clever bit manipulation approach (^1 to toggle between odd and even).
    • Time Complexity: O(n) for the join operation.
    • Space Complexity: O(n) for the temporary result.
    • Code Quality: The query is concise but could benefit from a comment explaining the bit manipulation logic.
    • Efficiency: The solution is efficient, though the bit manipulation might be less readable than a CASE statement for some.
  3. RankScore.sql:

    • Correctness: The solution correctly calculates ranks using a correlated subquery, which is a valid approach.
    • Time Complexity: O(n²) due to the correlated subquery, which is less efficient than window functions.
    • Space Complexity: O(n) for the result.
    • Code Quality: The query is simple but could be improved by using DENSE_RANK() for better performance and readability.
    • Efficiency: Using a window function would be more efficient (O(n log n)).
  4. TreeNode.sql:

    • Correctness: The solution correctly identifies root, inner, and leaf nodes using nested IF statements.
    • Time Complexity: O(n) for the main query plus O(n) for the subquery.
    • Space Complexity: O(n) for the result.
    • Code Quality: The nested IFs are correct but could be made more readable with a CASE statement.
    • Efficiency: The solution is efficient, though the subquery could be optimized further.

General Observations:

  • The solutions demonstrate good understanding of SQL concepts.
  • Window functions are used appropriately where applicable.
  • Some queries could benefit from comments explaining complex logic.
  • The RankScore.sql solution could be optimized by using window functions instead of correlated subqueries.

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